No abstract

The purpose of this research overall is the manufacture of polyurethane nanocomposite from castor oil with the addition of montmorillonite nanoparticles as coating material. This study consists of several stages, the manufacture of montmorillonite nanoparticles (MMT), the process of forming polyols from castor oil by epoxidation and hydroxylation reactions with catalysts. The manufacture of polyurethanes (PU) by reacting polyols from castor oil and organic montmorillonite nanoparticles was then characterized and applied to polyurethane nanocomposites as coating materials. Organic montmorillonite nanoparticles are made by an intercalation process with cetyl trimetyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). Polyurethane nanocomposite was prepared by adding organic montmorillonite nanoparticles in polyols before being mixed with toluene diisocyanate. The effectiveness of polyurethane nanocomposites as heat-resistant coatings was determined by thermal properties with thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) equipment, then the adhesive strength was tested and the morphological properties of the material coating. The manufacture of polyurethane nanocomposite from castor oil as a film coating is applied to material and characterization.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kelayakan kayu kelapa sawit (KKS) sebagai material core pada pembuatan block board. Material core dibentuk menjadi komposit partikel dengan PS sebagai matriks. Komposit dibuat dengan variasi fraksi berat 30:70, 40:60 dan 50:50. Block board dibentuk dengan melapisi core dengan viner jenis kayu merantidan menggunakan urea formadehida sebagai perekat. Block board dikempa sebesar 20 kg/cm 2 selama 15 menit pada suhu ruang. Pengujian sifat mekanis yang dilakukan meliputi; modulus patah (MOR), geser tarik, dan kuat tarik sekrup. Sedangkan pengujian sifat fisis yang dilakukan adalah pengujian kadar air, kerapatan dan pengembangan tebal. Pengujian block board mengacu standar SNI 01-5008.2-2000. Hasil penelitian diperoleh karakteristik mekanis block board; MOR berkisar 145,6-204,2 kg/cm 2 , kekuatan geser 4,63-7,23kg/cm 2 , dan kuat tarik sekrup 112,43-149,97 kgf. Keteguhan rekat maksimum block board terjadi pada komposisi core 30:70 sebesar 14,45 kg/cm 2. Sifat fisis block board; kerapatan berkisar 0,63-0,85 g/cm 3 , kadar air 1,44-2.01%, dan pengembangan tebal 2,57-3,49%. Sifat mekanis dan fisis block board banyak dipengaruhi oleh sifat mekanis dan fisis material core. Secara umum block board dengan core dari komposit partikel KKS-PS telah memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 01-5008.2-2000).