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Curriculum 2013 integrates High-Order-Thinking Skills in the learning process. In primary schools, it has been implemented in 3rd and 6th grade. The activities require students to explore their higher level of thinking in viewing cases. Yet, teachers are not ready to develop any assessment integrated with HOTS, even for cognitive aspects. This research aims to develop a HOTS-based cognitive assessment instrument for third grade students of elementary school. The instrument consists of criteria, questions, answer keys, and scoring guidelines. It is a Research and Development (R&D) with Four-D model: define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, it is only conducted until the third step due to the Covid-19 Crisis. Four experts with major in elementary education studies are assigned as reviewers. The results show that it is developed by using Four-D model. It is also considered to be very valid based on five indicators such as design (0.8), diction and grammar (0.94), content suitability (0.88), completion (0.89), and practicality (0.81). Hence, it is suggested to be used with minor revisions.

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Spirituality and religiosity can be assets for adolescent development. The purpose of this study is to describe the development of faith that occurs in adolescents. This research is a literature study, where the data required in this study were obtained through analysis of various literature. The results of the study can be explained that adolescents who are at the high school education level and aged 14-18 years are at level 3, namely synthetic-conventional faith. In this case, adolescents begin to develop formal operational thinking and begin to integrate learned faith values into a more rational faith system. For adolescents, this is an intellectual challenge to be able to become a foundation for understanding faith that will continue to develop in developing an understanding of faith in the future. This result implies the importance of guidance and counselling teachers to develop guidance and counselling programs that aim to help students achieve age-appropriate religious development.