Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines currently undergoing clinical trials. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to collect open human COVID‐19 vaccines randomized controlled trials, without limiting the search time and language. The research papers collected in the above‐mentioned databases were initially screened according to the title and abstract content and merged, and the repeated ones were removed. After reading the full text of the remaining research, the studies that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, and finally, nine studies were obtained. After extracting the statistical data of adverse events in the study, load them into Review Manager for heterogeneity analysis. Results: The incidence of adverse reactions of inactivated virus vaccines, RNA vaccines, and adenovirus vector vaccines was higher than that of placebo. Common adverse reactions included pain, swelling, and fever at the injection site. Conclusion: From the perspective of effectiveness, RNA vaccine > adenovirus vector vaccine > inactivated virus vaccine. From the perspective of safety, the incidence of adverse reactions of the three vaccines is higher than that of a placebo, and the incidence of adverse reactions of the adenovirus vector vaccine is higher.

A 51-year-old previously healthy male underwent a routine medical examination. Computed tomography and ultrasonography showed an oval-shaped mass that was about 50 × 40 mm in size in the left iliac fossa. Prior to surgery, the lesion was suspected to be a teratoma with core calcification or stromal tumor derived from the rectosigmoid colon. During the procedure, a yellow-white, egg-shaped mass was discovered that was completely free from the pelvic cavity in front of the rectum. The giant, peritoneal loose body was taken out through the enlarged port site. Histological examination showed that the mass consisted of well-circumscribed, unencapsulated, paucicellular tissue, with an obviously hyalinized fibrosclerotic center. A giant peritoneal body is extremely rare. We report such a case and review previously published literature.

It is an effective strategy to treat tuberculosis by enhancing reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) mediated killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages, but there are no current therapeutic agents targeting this pathway. Honeysuckle has been used as the traditional medicine for tuberculosis treatment for 1500 years. Japoflavone D (JFD) is a novel biflavonoid isolated from Honeysuckle promoting ROS accumulation by Nrf2 pathway in hepatocarcinoma cells. However, its activity to kill M. tuberculosis in macrophages and molecular mechanism has not been reported. Our results showed that JFD enhances the M. tuberculosis elimination by boosting ROS levels in THP-1 cells. Moreover, the massive ROS accumulation activates p38 to induce apoptosis. Notably, the mechanism revealed that JFD suppresses the nuclear transport of Nrf2, thereby inhibiting SOD2 transcription, leading to a large ROS accumulation. Further studies showed that JFD disrupts the Keap1 alkylation at specific residues Cys14, Cys257, and Cys319, which is crucial for Nrf2 activation, thereby interrupts the nuclear transport of Nrf2. In pharmacokinetic study, JFD can stay as the prototype for 24 h in mice and can be excreted in feces without any toxicity. Our data reveal for the first time that a novel biflavonoid JFD as a potent inhibitor of Keap1 alkylation can suppress the nuclear transport of Nrf2. And it is the first research of the inhibitor of Keap1 alkylation. Furthermore, JFD robustly promotes M. tuberculosis elimination from macrophages by inhibiting Keap1/Nrf2/SOD2 pathway, resulting in the ROS accumulation. This work identified Keap1 alkylation as a new drug target for tuberculosis and provides a preliminary basis for the development of antituberculosis lead compounds based on JFD.