This article generalizes arguments and counter-arguments within the scientific discussion regarding the determination of the optimal decentralization level, which will provide the country's innovative development, since the key task of decentralization has to be not only to expand the income and expenditure powers of the subnational formations but also to understand the final goal of this process-qualitative transformation of the country's economic system towards improving its innovativeness and competitiveness. Thus, the decentralization reform has to be the driver of the innovative economic development, which is the expected result of the managerial decision-making freedom increase at the local level, the subnational formations' financial self-sufficiency increase and more effective spending policy (expansion of the innovative projects financing amounts that will promote the sustainable economic growth). Systematization of the scientific works on the above problems proves that there is no one idea regarding the decentralization impact on the country's economic and innovative development among scientists. That is why it is urgent to continue the empirical searching in this area, that will enable to take into account the dual nature of consequences regarding the activation of the decentralization processes. The empirical study is carried out through using of the non-linear analysis form of dependence (GLM regression, which enables to identify the linear and nonlinear character of the relationship between variables) based on the panel data, formed for set of 23 states-OECD members
Over the past 50 years, human civilization has been developing at an incredible pace. A special role is played here by technological progress which made an improbable jump. Progress led to the fact that along with the evolution of people, also technologies evolve, at the same time gradually being ahead of the creators. Rather natural it is possible to consider the fact that technologies take root in all spheres of human activity today, thereby it is qualitative them improving. The process of implementation of technologies, in the different public relations, has the name digitalization. It should be noted that though it also is directed to improvement and simplification of human activity in various spheres, at the same time itself the world order becomes more difficult, despite high-quality transformations, now for everyone there is a need to understand the difficult principles of work of the latest technologies. It is also promoted by the fact that innovations every day become more difficult and available. Digitalization became one of the basic elements of the world process of globalization what for example statistics of the UN according to which, in 2019 about 4.1 billion people what makes more than 53% of all population of the planet, are Internet users confirms. Also, various researchers predict that in the next 10 years a large number of professions, in the most various areas, will disappear, and work will be performed by smart mechanisms. However, the emergence of new professions, in the fields of science, creativity, management, and other spheres in which the person will always be a necessary component is also predicted. Against the background of so innovations, the fact of the increase in demand for education is logical and quite justified. Also, requirements for quality, availability, and compliances of education to modern needs of mankind grow. It is important that education is a question of mainly state competence today, for example, Article 53 of the Constitution of Ukraine guarantees everyone the right to education. Considering it and the corresponding trends of development of humanity, a digitalization of education is a logical and natural vector of development of this sphere that experience of the leading countries of the world also testifies to. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate whether really the digitalization of education is necessary for Ukraine, having the analyzed process of technical improvement and the experience of other countries that already have considerable achievements in this sphere. Keywords: technological advancement, technologies, digitalization, innovations, education, digitalization of education.
The aim of the paper was analysing of the main indicators which influence on the country’s economic security. The authors allocated the main approaches to define economic security. Traditionally the economic security was analysed as a range of economic parameters which are not considering the institutional and marketing parameters. The authors highlighted, the different types of combinations of marketing, political and institutional indicators could influence on the level of the country’s security level with different power. On this basis, the key factors which influenced on the level of the economic security were identified. All indicators were combined in three groups: marketing, political and institutional. To the political indicators, the parameters as follows were included: violence/terrorism; voice and accountability rating; rule of law; control of corruption. The marketing group of indicators contained the parameter – the country’s brand. The institutional group involved: adjusted net national income per capita; agricultural raw materials exports; agriculture, value-added; external balance on goods and services; food exports; food imports; foreign direct investment, net inflows; GDP growth; wage and salaried workers, total; GDP per capita growth; industry, value-added; total natural resources rents; trade. Thus, in the paper, the authors checked the hypothesis as follows: the existence of the statistically significant relationship between marketing, political and institutional parameters and level of economic security. The informational basis for analyses was dataset from the: World Government Indicators, Future Brand, World Data Bank. For checking hypothesis, the 2SLS method was chosen. The analysed period 2002-2018 years. The empirical findings proved that political stability had a negative statistically significant impact at level 1% on agriculture value-added, agricultural raw materials exports, food imports. Besides, the rule of law had a negative significant impact on the indicators: agricultural raw materials exports, value-added, and agriculture value-added. The finding proved that political and institutional imbalance restricts the recovering of the country’s economic security. In this case, the government should consider not only economic parameters but also marketing and institutional during developing the mechanism to increase the level of the country’s economic security. Keywords: economic security, corruption, stability, government, brand.
The relevance of the study: The relevance of this article is due to the fact that ensuring economic security is a guarantee of stable growth of the state and improving the welfare of the population. The purpose of the study: The purpose of the article is to conduct research on the legal basis for the functioning of economic security of the state and the activities of law enforcement agencies in the field of economic security. Research methods: Leading research methods are general scientific and special research methods, including methods of logic, analysis, comparison, etc. The results of the study: The results of this study are a comparative legal analysis and determination of a proposal to implement the positive experience of EU countries in the field of ensuring the economic security of Ukraine. Practical significance of the study: The significance of the obtained results is reflected in the fact that this study can serve as a basis for outlining future changes to the current legislation of Ukraine on effective economic security of Ukraine
The Internet is the result of scientific and technological development of society. Innovation in any field is evidence of the well-being of the population. That is why society often uses services via the Internet, which is a sign of sustainable develop-ment and determines the relevance of the article. The purpose of the study is to determine the principles of sustainable development of consumer rights protection in the global network and the legal basis for the operation of commercial activities in Ukraine. General theoretical (analysis, synthesis, concretization, generalization, method of analogy, modeling) and specific research methods (methods of logic, comparison) were used. The results of this study allowed to create a set of methods of safe behavior of the buyer in the world wide web, form in order to realize the bases of functioning of sustainable development of consumer protection. The au-thors suggest possible options for improving the legislation of Ukraine for Internet commerce. The significance of the results is that the article is useful for introducing changes in the Ukrainian legislation on the regulation of the rules of purchase and sale on the Internet.
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