Scheduling mechanism is the process of allocating radio resources to User Equipment (UE) that transmits different flows at the same time. It is performed by the scheduling algorithm implemented in the Long Term Evolution base station, Evolved Node B. Normally, most of the proposed algorithms are not focusing on handling the real-time and non-real-time traffics simultaneously. Thus, UE with bad channel quality may starve due to no resources allocated for quite a long time. To solve the problems, Exponential Blind Equal Throughput (EXP-BET) algorithm is proposed. User with the highest priority metrics is allocated the resources firstly which is calculated using the EXP-BET metric equation. This study investigates the implementation of the EXP-BET scheduling algorithm on the FPGA platform. The metric equation of the EXP-BET is modelled and simulated using System Generator. This design has utilized only 10% of available resources on FPGA. Fixed numbers are used for all the input to the scheduler. The system verification is performed by simulating the hardware co-simulation for the metric value of the EXP-BET metric algorithm. The output from the hardware co-simulation showed that the metric values of EXP-BET produce similar results to the Simulink environment.  Thus, the algorithm is ready for prototyping and Virtex-6 FPGA is chosen as the platform.

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Due to the increasing demand of services and content, Quality of Service (QoS) has become an important aspect in digital broadcasting industry especially with the implementation of Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) in Malaysia. Thus, the performance of DVB-T2 in Malaysia should be investigated because there are areas which are not in the coverage due to variety of terrain, where some areas received weak DVB-T2 signals. Apart from geological and topographic factors in Malaysia, the selection of DVB-T2 parameters is also an important factor in determining signal strength and coverage This research has proposed to study the performance analysis of DVB-T2 propagation for fixed reception in Malaysia's central region. The Field Strength Measurement (FSM) was set up to evaluate the QoS of DVB-T2 signal such as Field Strength (E), Modulation Error Ratio (MER), and Carrier to Noise Ratio (C/N) at specific test points across Malaysia's central region. The FSM was simulated at the designated test points using CHIRplus_BC software to evaluate the performance of Single Frequency Network (SFN) at three locations of transmitter. The DVB-T2 Modulation and Forward Error Correction (FEC) code rate parameters were simulated in order to evaluate the improvement in terms of coverage area. It can be concluded that the coverage of DTT is reduced with the increase in the distance of the measurement area to the transmitter. The finding also shows that the field strength value obtained from FSM and simulation was comparable. Furthermore, from the simulation results. it can be perceived that the coverage area across the central region of Malaysia could be improved by optimizing the modulation and FEC code rate. However, there is a trade-off between the signal coverage and channel capacity. The greater the signal coverage the less the channel capacity.

In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research on Device to Device (D2D) communication underlying cellular network. D2D is a technology evolved from the next generation cellular network. In D2D communication, devices communicate with each other using a direct link without going through the evolved Node B (eNB). Nevertheless, there are still some challenges that have not been addressed by previous researchers. Most of the available studies are based on numerical or self-developed simulators. However, numerical or self-developed simulators do not resemble the real network and the real performance of the network cannot be gauged. This paper investigates the effect of scheduling algorithms in D2D communication for voice over internet protocol (VoIP) application using discrete even simulator, OMNET++. The study is performed using a single cell D2D communication environment using SimuLTE framework. The analysis is made by comparing several scheduling algorithms which are Deficit Round Robin (DRR), Proportional Fairness (PF) and Maximum Carrier to Interference (Max C/I). The number of D2D flows are varied from 5 to 30 and the results were analyzed in terms of throughput, delay, jitter and Mean Opinion Score (MOS). Simulation results show that Max C/I algorithm has a better quality of experience (QoE) which is proved by MOS value of 3.015. In terms of delay, the average VoIP packet scheduled by PF scheme is delayed by 0.33 ms compared to MAX C/I. The findings reported that Max C/I gives a preferable performance in terms of throughput, jitter, delay and MOS value followed by PF and DRR.