The purpose of this research is to reveal: (1) the effect of Problem-based Learning (PBL) on the critical thinking skills; (2) the effect of Project-based Learning (PjBL) on the critical thinking skills; and (3) differences of critical thinking skills between the group taught using PBL and the group taught using PjBL. This study was a quasi-experiment the non-equivalent comparison group design. The population was 54 students. The data analysis used t-test and Univariate Analysis of Variance at the significant level of 5%. The results are as follows: (1) PBL Improved positively and significantly on the critical thinking skills; (2) PjBL improved positively and significantly on the critical thinking skills; and (3) there is a significant difference on the critical thinking skills between the group taught using PBL and that taught using PjBL.

This article aims to determine the effectiveness of learning by including teaching material on the Edmodo and schoology application towards learning outcomes in fourth-grade elementary schools. Research data were collected quantitatively with experimental research using pre-experimental methods. Based on data analysis, the results of hypothesis testing using the t-test (t-test) were 12.03 and at the real level α = 0.05 thus t-count> t-table then H1 was accepted and H0 was rejected. There are differences in learning outcomes between students who use the Edmodo application before and after teaching material is given. Thus, the results show that Edmodo applications incorporated into teaching materials are more effectively used towards learning outcomes.