Based on comparative ethnographic research in four countries and three continents, Butinage: The Art of Religious Mobility explores the notion of "religious butinage" as a conceptual framework intended to shed light on the dynamics of everyday religious practice. Derived from the French word butiner, which refers to the foraging activity of bees and other pollinating insects, this term is employed by the authors metaphorically to refer to the "to-ing and fro-ing" of believers between religious institutions.
Résumé Les pratiques migratoires qui permettaient aux Kikuyu du Kenya central de se réaliser en tant qu'hommes accomplis sont aujourd'hui dans une impasse écologique et politique. Les migrants, récemment installés sur le plateau de Laikipia, gèrent cette situation en projetant dans l'imaginaire religieux et sorcellaire la solution aux difficultés vécues aujourd'hui. Ils attendent une intervention divine qui modifie le régime des pluies ou un sauveur politique qui leur « rende » le pouvoir national qui leur est « dû ». Ces cultivateurs expliquent leur situation en attribuant l'origine de leurs déboires politique, économique et écologique à Satan, dont le pouvoir politique kalenjin serait l'émanation. Les nombreuses Eglises pentecôtistes (avec leur composante millénariste), des prophètes et des prédicateurs proposent un ultime recours face à une situation apparemment sans issue et permettent aux migrants de survivre dans des conditions autrement inacceptables.
http://scp.sagepub.com/content/60/1/79.full.pdfThe involvement of Christianity in Kenyan politics cannot be understood without considering the role it has played in the coproduction of the colonial and postcolonial state. Churches participate in the construction of both ethnic and socio-economic identity. This can only weaken their status as 'moral referees' in Kenyan politics. The emergence of new religious movements and unidentified politico-religious objects alters the way religion plays the political game. In addition, the neotraditional politico-religious movements - a synthesis of the influences of Christianity and of supposedly 'traditional' religions - induce the milicialization of political life with its cortege of popular violence and abuse. The 'liturgical' call to a reinvented tradition reveals a new set of ethnic identities. As can be seen, Christianity and democratization in Kenya continue their dangerous tango, in which they are creating new steps.L'implication du christianisme dans la politique kenyane ne peut se comprendre sans étudier le rôle qu'il a joué dans la coproduction de l'État colonial, puis postcolonial. Les Églises participent à la fabrique des identités, tant ethnique que socioéconomique. Cela ne peut qu'affaiblir leur statut d'arbitre " moral " de la politique kenyane. L'apparition de nouveaux mouvements religieux et d'objets politico-religieux non identifiés transforme les règles du jeu politique du religieux. En outre, les mouvements politico-religieux néotraditionnels - synthétisant les influences du christianisme et de supposées " religions traditionnelles " - induisent une milicialisation de la vie politique, avec son cortège de violences populaires et d'abus. L'appel " liturgique " à une tradition réinventée dévoile un nouveau jeu sur les identités ethniques. On le voit, christianisme et démocratisation poursuivent au Kenya leur dangereux tango en créant de nouveaux pas
The social and political efficacy of “Born-Again” identity in Nairobi is fed by the accumulation of personal prestige or symbolic capital emerging from the Born-Again actor’s association with religious and moral virtues. However, this prestige is being undermined by ongoing rumors and scandals, risking disruption of the benefits associated with this morality. In this article, we explore the popular discontent with Born-Again identity and practice, concluding that its prestige in Nairobi is possibly eroding, with risk to its efficacy in mobilizing social and political power.
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