Background The use of preventive behaviors of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) requires proper training, which leads to correct decisions regarding maintaining postures at work and performing stretching exercises. Due to very repetitive work, applying manual force, improper postures, and static contractions of proximal muscles, assembly-line female workers suffer from musculoskeletal pains. It is assumed that structured and theory-based educational intervention using a learning-by-doing (LBD) approach may increase the preventive behaviors against MSDs and reduce the consequences of these disorders. Methods This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in three phases: phase 1: validation of the compiled questionnaire, phase 2: determining the social cognitive theory (SCT) constructs that predict the preventive behaviors of MSDs in assembly-line female workers, and phase 3: designing and implementing the educational theory. The educational intervention is based on the LBD approach, and the study population includes assembly-line female workers in electronic industries of Iran, who are randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the educational intervention in the workplace and the control group does not receive any intervention. The theory-based educational intervention includes evidence-based information along with pictures, fact sheets, and published literature about a good posture at work and the need to perform proper stretching exercises. The educational intervention aims to improve the knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, and intention of assembly-line female workers to adopt preventive behaviors of MSDs. Discussion The present study will evaluate the effects of maintaining a good posture at work and performing stretching exercises on the adherence to preventive behaviors of MSDs among assembly-line female workers. The developed intervention is easily implemented and evaluated in a short period of time based on the improved score of the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) method and the mean score of adherence to stretching exercises and can be provided by a health, safety, and environment (HSE) expert. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov IRCT20220825055792N1. Registered on 23 September 2022 with the IRCTID.
Background: Considering the influential role of teaching safe behaviors in preventing accidents and injuries, this study aims to determine the effect of educational intervention based on protection motivation theory (PMT) and information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model on promoting safe motorcycle riding behaviors in male students at Sabzevar University. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 100 motorcyclist students at Sabzevar University selected using two-stage cluster sampling method in 2018. After confirming the validity and reliability of the instrument, the questionnaire was completed three times before, immediately, and two months after the educational intervention. The intervention group was held in 9 educational sessions for three weeks. The data were analyzed by SPSS18 software using t-test, chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and repeated measures tests. Results: The mean scores of PMT and IMB and safe behaviors of students in the intervention group immediately and two months after the educational intervention compared to the control group showed a statistically significant increase (p<0.001). The mean scores of the studied constructs and safe behaviors in the intervention group had also a statistically significant change over time (p <0.05). Conclusion: The results indicate the effect of educational intervention based on PMT and IMB on promoting safe behaviors in young students. Face-to-face education and virtual education based on a combination of health education theories can be used to effectively promote safe behaviors of motorcyclist students.
Introduction: Screening behaviors along with a healthy lifestyle and regular physical activity play an essential role in reducing mortality from breast cancer. The present study aimed to determine the factors associated with breast cancer-preventive behaviors based on the theory of protection motivation in women in Neyshabur city. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 325 women aged 30 to 69 years referred to Neyshabur health service centers were studied after enrolment through cluster sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made self-report questionnaire that had acceptable validity (face and content) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83). Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics with SPSS v19.Results: Fifty-two percent of participants never had a breast selfexamination before, and 72.6% had never been to a health center for a clinical breast examination. Only 6.8% of the participants had regular physical activity. All constructs of conservation motivation theory, except fear, were correlated with breast cancer-preventive behaviors. Perceived self-efficacy had the highest score, and perceived cost had the lowest score among protection motivation theory constructs. Regression analysis reflected that protection motivation, perceived severity, perceived rewards, and awareness were predictors of the adoption of breast cancer-preventive behaviors. Overall, these variables could predict 15.4% of behavioral change. Conclusion:Theory-based educational planning to encourage women to adopt breast cancer-preventive behaviors, including a healthy lifestyle and screening behaviors, is essential.
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