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The determination of serum haptoglobin types and their distribution in 505 “genuine” unrelated Egyptians revealed a Hp1 gene frequency of 0.34, a Hp2 gene frequency of 0.66 and a slightly higher prevalence of Hp 2‐2 than of Hp 2‐1. Ahaptoglobinaemia was present in 0.40 % of the examined individuals. There were no significant differences between males and females. There were 33 thalassaemia heterozygotes in the sample and these individuals were not at variance with the remainder of the sample population in respect of their serum haptoglobins.

Haematological indices including the levels of haemoglobins A2 and F were evaluated in haemoglobinopathy‐free unrelated adults of pure Egyptian stock (60 males and 142 females). The mean cell volume (males 87.82 ± 5.99, females 84.39 ± 6.00) and the mean cell haemoglobin (males 30.37 ±2.36, females 29.29±2.44) were lower than those reported for other populations. Haemoglobin A2 of the Egyptian males was significantly less than that of the females (males 1.94±0.49, females 2.16±0.45). In a genetic study on thalassaemia, the normal haematological indices in that particular population have also to be assessed.