Background:The relationship between weight indices and injuries and mortality in motor vehicle accidents is unknown. Systematic review studies addressing the collection and analysis of the relationship in investigations are very limited. The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the relationship between BMI, obesity and overweight with mortality and injuries and their severity and vulnerable organs after the motor vehicle accident. Methods:The databases (MEDLINE/PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, etc) were searched for relevant abstracts using certain keywords. Of all the articles, similar ones were removed considering different filters. The collected data were entered into the STATA SE v 13.1. The heterogeneity of the data was analyzed using i2 statistics. In addition, the estimates of the study were done based on the age group (children and adults) and the impact of obesity on different regions of the body.Results: A direct relationship was observed between the overall BMI and the degrees of injuries (CI=0.503-1.139), and mortality due to motor vehicle accident (CI=1.267-1.471). A positive relationship was found between obesity and AIS+2 (CI=0.653-1.426), and AIS+3 (CI=1.184-1.741), and ISS (CI=1.086-1.589). Also, a negative relationship between overweight and injuries rates, and a direct relationship between overweight and mortality (CI=0.979-1.167), and injuries with index of AIS+2 (CI=1.178-0.768) and AIS+3 (CI=0.48-2.186) were found. Conclusions: The prediction of injury, mortality and severity of injuries in the motor vehicle accident by the variable of obesity and overweight determines the need to design prevention programs for this vulnerable group at all levels.

Background & Aim: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the highest grade glioma (grade IV), is the most malignant form of astrocytoma in adults. This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between demographic, clinical and medical factors with GBM outcome. Methods & Materials/Patients: Through a cross-sectional design, 58 patients with newly diagnosed GBM were studied from 1999 to 2015 in Guilan province (North of Iran). Demographic, clinical and medical data including age, gender, score of Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), status at discharge, extent of resection (EOR) and administration of post-operative radio-chemotherapy were recorded in an individual questionnaire. The data were analyzed using chi-square and fisher exact tests. Results: Of all patients, 35 (60.3%) cases were men and 23 (39.7%) were women. Age range (at the time of diagnosis of GBM) was 18-82 years (54.86±16.34). The most common side and location of tumor were left hemisphere and frontal lobe, respectively. 41 patients (70.7%) received total surgical resection. Half of patients were treated with simultaneous post-operative radiation therapy and chemotherapy.11 (19%) of all cases died. About 41 (70.6%) of patients demonstrated KPS 50-70. Conclusion: GBM is a frequent malignant brain tumor with male predominance and high occurrence in age range of ≥50 years. The number of dead patients increases with decreased KPS. Total surgical resection followed by concomitant radiation therapy and chemotherapy were common standard therapeutic regimens.

Background: Trauma is the most common cause of death in children. Road traffic injuries account for a significant percentage of trauma cases in children and it is a cause of disability.Objective: An epidemiological study of factors associated with trauma caused by traffic accidents in children under 8 years of age who were hospitalized in Rasht Poursina Hospital was sought. Materials and Methods:In a descriptive study, the medical records of 170 children under 8 years of age affected by traffic accidents that were admitted to Rasht Poursina Hospital were reviewed. Information on age, gender, time of accident, location of accident, type of road, the injured situation, the vehicle carrying the injured child, the use of safety equipment, site of injury, and the clinical outcomes were collected from a checklist and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 170 children affected by traffic accidents and the demographic factors were 57.1% male and 42.9% female with a mean age 4.8 ± 5. Most crashes occurred out of town (38.2%), on a main street (54.7%), and in the evening (52.7%). Most were pedestrians (47.6%) and passengers (33.5%). A total of 26.9% of children were in the back seat. Of passengers, 17.8%, 8.9%, and 2.2% used a seatbelt, a crash helmet, and a child seat, respectively; and 71.1% did not use any safety devices. A total of 41.4% of patients were transported by EMS. In terms of anatomical location, head and neck (58.8%), and lower extremities (48.2%) were the most common sites of injury, respectively. With regard to the fact that the trauma mortality rate was 3%, in most cases (53.3%), accident victims were discharged from the hospital with complete recovery. Conclusion:The results showed that pedestrians were the most vulnerable group and most children had injuries of the head and neck that can leave them with permanent complications. Therefore, focusing on road safety for this particular population group seems necessary.

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