On-site therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is important for providing a quick and accurate dosing to patients in order to improve efficacy and minimize toxicity. Aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin are important antibiotics that have been commonly used to treat infections of chronic bacterial infections in the urinary tract, lung, and heart. However, these aminoglycosides can lead to vestibular and auditory dysfunction. Therefore, TDM of aminoglycosides is important due to their ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Here, we have developed a hot embossed poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic device featuring an electrokinetic size and mobility trap (SMT) to purify, concentrate, and separate the aminoglycoside antibiotic drugs amikacin, gentamicin, and tobramycin. These drugs were separated successfully from whole blood within 3 min, with 30-fold lower detection limits compared to a standard pinched injection. The limit of detections (LOD) were 3.75 µg/mL for gentamicin, 8.53 µg/mL for amikacin, and 6.00 µg/mL for tobramycin. These are sufficient to cover the therapeutic range for treating sepsis of 6–10 μg/mL gentamicin and tobramycin and 12–20 μg/mL of amikacin. The device is simple and could be mass produced via embossing or injection molding approaches.

The use of whole blood and some biological specimens, such as urine, saliva, and seminal fluid are limited in clinical laboratory analysis due to the interference of proteins with other small molecules in the matrix and blood cells with optical detection methods. Previously, we developed a microfluidic device featuring an electrokinetic size and mobility trap (SMT) for on-chip extract, concentrate, and separate small molecules from a biological sample like whole blood. The device was used to on-chip filtrate the whole blood from the blood cells and plasma proteins and then on-chip extract and separate the aminoglycoside antibiotic drugs within 3 min. Herein, a novel microfluidic device featuring a nano-junction similar to those reported in the previous work formed by dielectric breakdown was developed for on-chip filtration and out-chip collection of blood plasma with a high extraction yield of 62% within less than 5 min. The filtered plasma was analyzed using our previous device to show the ability of this new device to remove blood cells and plasma proteins. The filtration device shows a high yield of plasma allowing it to detect a low concentration of analytes from the whole blood.

In this work, gold nanoparticles have been synthesized using second harmonic generation ND-YAG laser ablation in Ethanol employing 532 nm and 1.064 nm wavelengths. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and UV-Vis absorption were employed to examine the structural, chemical and optical properties of Au NPs. XRD results showed that all synthesized Au nanoparticles are crystalline in nature. the optical band gap upon ablation using the higher wavelength (1064 nm) was about (4.02 eV). While the value of the optical bandgap increases to reach a value of (4.22 eV) at the shorter wavelength (532 nm The FESEM results reveal the formation of smaller nano rode size at second-harmonic generation (SHG) wavelength was found to be about (30 nm at wavelength 532 nm and 44 nm at 1064nm). After that, Finite Element Analysis is used to simulate the photonic crystal fiber (PCF) as biosensors, depending on the surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) phenome-non using COMSOL Multiphasic program. The hollow core-photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) HC-800 was thus overfilled with (water). The confinement loss (CL) of the fundamental mode for the proposed PCF with and without the gold nanoparticles was calculated, we observe without gold NPs the CL at the water and Colon tissue about (1.08E+03, 5.46E+02) dB/m, while at use the deposited PCF with gold NPs the results ensured the decrease more than in the confinement loss at the water and Colon tissue about (1.01E+03, 3.16E+02) dB/m with a clear shift toward higher wavelengths, also when calculating the sensitivity, to increase HC-PCF bio-sensor performance by using wavelength interrogation and amplitude measurements, it found the bio-liquid (colon tissue) has the best electric field using the gold NWs layer in the biosensor equal to 68.8 V/m by comparison when without using the gold NWs layer which leads to high sensitivity.

A new series of ternary metal complexes, including Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II), were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and diverse spectroscopic methods. The complexes were synthesized from respective metal salts with Schiff’s-base-containing amino acids, salicylaldehyde derivatives, and heterocyclic bases. The amino acids containing Schiff bases showed promising pharmacological properties upon complexation. Based on satisfactory elemental analyses and various spectroscopic techniques, these complexes revealed a distorted, square pyramidal geometry around metal ions. The molecular structures of the complexes were optimized by DFT calculations. Quantum calculations were performed with the density functional method for which the LACVP++ basis set was used to find the optimized molecular structure of the complexes. The metal complexes were subjected to an electrochemical investigation to determine the redox behavior and oxidation state of the metal ions. Furthermore, all complexes were utilized for catalytic assets of a multi-component Mannich reaction for the preparation of -amino carbonyl derivatives. The synthesized complexes were tested to determine their antibacterial activity against E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus bacteria. To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of the Cu(II) complexes, lung cancer (A549), cervical cancer (HeLa), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cells compared to normal cells, cell lines such as human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were used. Further, the docking study parameters were supported, for which it was observed that the metal complexes could be effective in anticancer applications.