Sixty students from both genders aged 19 -22 years old at College of Technology undertaking halfterm exams of 2012-2013 are encountered in this study. Blood samples were collected twice, i.e. before the exam inside the halls and during the rest time, to compare levels of some hormones, e.g. cortisol from all students, testosterone in male only and both estrogen and progesterone in female students. The female group was further subdivided into two subgroups, 15 each i.e. at the first half of the menstrual cycle (follicular phase) and second group at the second half of the menstrual cycle (luteal phase). The levels of cortisol had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) raised from 12.3 ± 3.6 to 32.3 ± 4.2 ng/mL and from 11.6 ± 1.8 to 31.6 ± 7.3 ng/mL in both male and female students, respectively during exams in comparison with rest times. However, the levels of testosterone had significantly dropped (p ≤ 0.05) from 6.63 ± 1.8 to 2.1 ± 0.4 ng/mL during the test-time. In female students, the levels of both estrogens and progesterone had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased, i.e. in follicular from 202 ± 38 to 365 ± 22 and from 64.6 ± 8.0 to 160 ± 37 ng/mL at luteal phases, respectively and from 0.74 ± 0.03 to 1.5 ± 0.04 in follicular and 14.4 ± 2.4 to 29 ± 4.2 ng/mL at luteal phase, respectively in progesterone during the exam in comparison with rest times. These results indicate that all students had sustained stress during the exam-time which might have disturbed the regulation of various hormones in both genders consequently leading to further health effects.
Aim: To see if there was a link between menstruation issues and psychological stress among young medical students. Methods: A non-probability convenient sampling method was used to conduct an observational (cross-sectional) study on a sample of 180 university-bound students. Students were assessed for menstrual regularity associating with psychological stress by using Perceived Stress Scale in different universities of Lahore. Results: The study included approximately 92% of females with a regular menstrual cycle and 8% of females with an irregular menstrual cycle.While among irregular menstrual cycles, 5 had high levels of stress, 7 had moderate levels of stress, and 3 had mild levels of stress. The normal menstrual cycle group had 40 females with high levels of stress, 121 females with moderate levels of stress, and four females with low levels of stress. Conclusion: Although fewer students suffered from menstruation difficulties, the majority of them, including those who did not, experienced psychological stress. Keywords: Menstrual disorders, dysmenorrheal, abnormal menstrual cycle, stress
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.