<p class="MDPI17abstract"><span>In this paper, the air temperature and humidity levels in the infant' incubator are monitored remotely by means of Arduino microcontroller with different sensors and an open source internet of things (IoT) applications. The system is connected to a network via a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) connection to be linked to an application on the smart phone or to the computer. The system is designed using Arduino microcontroller, DHT11/DHT22 sensor for measuring the body parameters, such as the temperature and the humidity, LCD monitor, ESP8266 WiFi modules, and NodeMCU-v3.The results have shown that real time updated medical records can be transferred to the medical staff utilizing ThingSpeak IoT applications. </span></p>

This review presents the composition, structure, mechanical characteristics, and applications of alumina (aluminum oxide) in biomedical. Alumina used for implant manufacturing is either single-crystal sapphires or high density and quality polycrystalline. The major sources of highly-purity alumina are organic corundum and bauxite. Like any other brittle component, polycrystalline alumina's mechanical characteristics are largely dependent on grain size and porosity distribution. It was shown that, due to slowed subcritical crack production, the fatigue intensity of alumina could be increased above the crucial pressure due to the presence of liquid. Due to its high inertness, that results in outstanding biocompatibility and tissue nonsensitization, alumina has significant benefits over other products in biomedical uses. Just like in artificially joints and teeth, the higher compressive strength than tensile strength allows it more efficient for compressive loadings. There were some attempts for coating alumina on steel substrates in order to benefit of its outstanding biocompatibility and to resist metal oxidation.

The research provides a concise overview of numerous biomedical and biomechanics uses for polymer-based materials in medical applications. Polymer-based materials are used to repair or enhance the functionality of tissues or organs damaged or disjointed in the context of implants and medical equipment, thereby enhancing patients’ well-being. The critical criterion for selecting the biomaterial is its appropriateness to the body. Polymer-based material must have certain essential characteristics to enable lengthy-term use. This family of materials, which may execute stimuli-induced active motions, includes shape-changing and shape-memory polymers as examples. Significant interest in the area of biomedicine has developed for these materials over the last 20 years, especially in minimally invasive surgeries. In this regard, the development of novel antimicrobial technologies for biomedical implementations depends heavily on polymeric biomaterials and would continue to do so. This review article focuses on the properties and applications of smart polymers application, biomolecule conjugates of smart polymers on surfaces, and Forms of smart polymeric biomaterials. This article presents an overview of the scope of application of the three polymeric-based materials.

An artificial pacemaker is a medical device that can generate electrical impulses which are delivered by electrodes to maintain the controlled rhythm of the heartbeats. Such a medical device can assist for extensive period of time and thereby regulates the pumping capacity of the heart. Usually, the need for a permanent pacemaker implantation arises from the occurrence of cardiac diseases such as failure of impulse formation (sick sinus syndrome) and/or conduction (A-V block). Functionally, a pacemaker comprises of at least three parts: an electrical pulse generator, a power source (battery) and an electrode (lead) system. This paper aims to provide a design of the trainer board of a typical pacemaker, which generates a QRS pulse and displays it on an oscilloscope which will help understand the basic components of the device for educational purposes. To do so, an extensive literature review was undertaken to comprehend the theory behind the design of a pacemaker. Further, the paper describes the practical methodology adopted in the design of the pacemaker and the achieved results of this study while making suggestions for future work.