The increase in fuel prices will gradually have an impact on the capture fisheries sub-sector, especially the fishermen. Sail technology is an alternative that can be used to save fuel oil, although it is realized that this technology cannot completely replace the diesel motor that is commonly used in fishing operations. This study will explain the application opportunities of sail technology on fishing vessels for blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the deep waters of the Java Sea. This fishing ground is more than 12 nautical miles from the coast. Using sail technology on fishing vessels is very dependent on the characteristics of wind speed and direction. This discussion explores the relationship between the west and east monsoons in the Java Sea with the direction of fishing trip. Technological difficulties and current challenge in sail technology on fishing vessel for blue swimming crab are identified. The possible ideas for future research in this field are also discussed.

The active operation of a trammel net by a sweeping technique is commonly used by fishermen in Cilacap, which are often referred as ciker nets. They are operated by lowering the net in a straight line and pulling the tail end from a ship moving in a full circle, while the other end functions as a circular axis. The effect of active operation allows for changes in performance with time, such as easy lifting or less buoyancy, and the unstable display of gears. This makes it necessary to perform design engineering, especially on buoys, sinkers, and high nets. However, the suitable quantity of these components for ciker net has never been ascertained. Calculations about how many buoys, sinkers, and net height to add need to be done to enhance ciker net construction for active operation. This research aimed to determine the optimum configuration of buoys, sinkers, and net height, and determine the engineering design of ciker nets based on the optimum ratio of buoyancy force to the sinking force of the trammel net. Therefore, the parameters measured include hanging ratio, stretched net length, buoyancy force, and sinking force. The results showed that the optimum configuration of buoys, sinkers, and net height was 59 pieces, 341 pieces, and 1.5 m respectively. Changes in the design of ciker nets, especially in the three components that affect the addition of buoyancy and sinking force ratio were based on the comparison of the trammel nets which was 1:5 greater than the design owned by fishermen at 1:4.Keywords:Bouyancy forceSinking forceCiker netTrammel netShrimp

The sweeping trammel net (ciker net) is operated by lowering the net in a straight line and then pulling the last end of the net with a ship moving in a full circle where the other end functions as a circular axis (M1 method). An alternative way is for the net to be lowered and then towed by the fishing vessel along two opposing semicircular paths (M2 method). The success of fishermen using this net is determined by the swept area. Therefore, the catch for each net section can vary when using the M1 method but is relatively similar in the M2 method. This study compared the catch per net section from the same sweep axis operated with different towing line paths. The experimental fishing was carried out using 1 ciker net unit consisting of 6 pieces. The catch produced by the two operating methods was significantly different as indicated by t = -3.7852, df = 5, α = 0.05, and p-value = 0.01282. The average catch per section (n = 3) was 21 individuals for M1 operation and 47 individuals for M2 operation. The M1 method produced less catch than the M2 method.