Purpose Studies have highlighted concerns about the role of knowledge creation between human resource management practices and employee behaviour. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of green human resource management (green HRM) on employee green behaviour (EGB) through the mediation of environmental knowledge of lecturers in public research universities in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study examines the mechanism in which green HRM affects the EGB of lecturers through environmental knowledge in Malaysian public research universities. Smart PLS was used to analyse the relationships from 425 valid responses. Findings The findings of the study show that green HRM affects EGB through the full mediation of environmental knowledge. This finding gives a theoretical implication in terms of ability, motivation and opportunity theory. Research limitations/implications The scope of this study is limited to public research universities in Malaysia. Future studies may explore other variables that could expedite the relationship between green HRM and EGB. Implications include policy making that emphasises on enhancing environmental knowledge of lecturers. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study has been conducted using environmental knowledge as a mediator between green HRM and EGB.

The rapid degradation of today’s environment has required the governments and organizations to introduce effective countermeasures. Governments have enforced green policies, and organizations have drawn on these policies to implement environmentally friendly workplace practices. The success of these practices is very much dependent on the employees and the extent of their green behavior. As such, there is a need to determine whether green behavior can be positively influenced by other variables. One of the suggested influencing variables is green human resource management (HRM). Another variable with the potential mediating effect is personal moral norms (PMN). Also, there is a need to examine the interplay of green HRM, employee green behavior (EGB), and PMN within the context of higher education institutions (HEIs) as they also take responsibility for protecting the environment. It is believed that to date, studies of this nature have not involved academics at HEIs in Malaysia. This study aims to examine the mechanism by which green HRM affects EGB of academics at Malaysian HEIs through PMN as mediator. Data were collected through a cross-sectional quantitative survey among 425 academics at five research universities in Malaysia. The analysis was performed using Smart PLS version 3.2.8. There was a positive significant relationship between green HRM and PMN and a positive significant relationship between PMN and EGB. Hence, green HRM had an effect on EGB through the mediating role of PMN. However, there was no significant direct relationship between green HRM and EGB. Other studies have investigated the effects of several mediating variables in the relationship between green HRM and EGB; however, the effect of one variable—PMN—has not been examined. This study, as it investigates the vital aspect of behavioral formation, is believed to be the first study that examines the mediating role of PMN in the interplay between green HRM and EGB of academics. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed in this study.

Most countries are concerned about the image they project in international markets. They have adopted and implemented differentiation strategies in order to stimulate tourism and economic investment. In the case of Colombia's reputation, it has been built on unplanned positioning, interests and views of a few opinion leaders, political and economic instability and transformations in the productive sector. This paper outlines, using a Bayesian variable selection approach, the perception of foreign visitors and prospects on Colombia's country image, and proposes a methodological framework for unvailing those driving factors. Findings of this research demonstrate that countries may be seen positively from the point of view of visitors while prospects may have a negative image of them. The results validate the hypothesis that the symbolic elements associated with a country's image, in this case with Colombia's image, should be included in the communication activities of a country branding strategy.

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