Conclusiones: Se concluyó que es necesaria una revisión de los programas académicos, proponiendo la inclusión de la nutriología como una cátedra de primer nivel de importancia, la cual deberá ser impartida en más de un semestre a lo largo de las licenciaturas en enfermería y medicina humana.
Objetivo: Evaluar las complicaciones, numero de punciones y el tiempo de la inserción del catéter central de inserción central (CICC) guiado con ultrasonido (USG) versus técnica por referencias anatómicas (TRA) en pacientes del área de urgencias adultos del Hospital Dr. Jesús Gilberto Gómez Maza. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal, que incluyó pacientes mayores de 18 años, hospitalizados en el área de urgencias del Hospital “Dr. Jesús Gilberto Gómez Maza”, de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, durante el periodo enero 2021 a diciembre del 2021. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 636 pacientes, de los cuales 46.4 % (n=295) fueron del sexo femenino y 53.6 % (n=341) masculino, la edad promedio fue de 47.6 años ± 18.5 años. Del total de la muestra se insertó el CICC con USG en 23 % (n=136) y en un 77% (n=490) con TRA; las complicaciones como multipunción fueron en un 3.4 % (n=5) con USG vs 4.7 % (n=23) TRA, neumotórax 0.0 %(n=0) vs 0.2 % (n=1) y punción arterial 2.1 % (n=3) USG vs 3.3 % (n=16) TRA, aunque se encontró que las complicaciones como la multipunción, punción arterial y el neumotórax fueron más frecuentes con la TRA, no hubo diferencias significativas porque se requiere mayor muestra con USG (X2 3,3122; valor p= 0,7688). La inserción a la primer punción con USG fue en un 75.3 % (n=110) versus 69.6% (n=341) por TRA, a la segunda punción 19.2 % (n=28) versus 21.6 % (n=106), y a la tercera o más punciones 5.5 % (n=8) versus 8.8 % (n=43) con USG versus TRA respectivamente, resultando mayor éxito estadísticamente significativo con USG (valor p= 0,3057). La duración promedio fue de 22.85 ± 10.18 minutos en ambas técnicas (X2= 8,1759; p=0,1468). Conclusiones: En este estudio no hubo diferencia en cuanto el número de complicaciones presentadas en cada técnica utilizada. Se asoció a la técnica guiada por ultrasonido a un menor número de punciones para la instalación de un catéter central, se requieren estudios con mayor muestra con la técnica guiada con ultrasonido. Palabras clave: CICC, RaCeVA, Seldinger, Ultrasonido
Introduction: Neoplasms are one of the leading causes of death worldwide, identifying trends in mortality is important for the establishment of prevention and diagnostic strategies in susceptible populations. Objective: To identify the main types of cancer in death women of reproductive ages in Chiapas, the socioeconomic factors, and mortality rates due to these causes. Materials and methods: Descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional, study, based on an analysis of national mortality databases. The universe corresponded to cancer deaths in Mexico during the period 2016-2020, the sample corresponded to cancer deaths in women in Chiapas aged 15 to 44 years in the same period. Results: 3.6% of deaths due to neoplasms in Mexico occurred in Chiapas (15,814). A total of 104 different types of cancer were registered in the state. The most frequent were malignant cervix tumors with 19.2% (n= 263), malignant breast tumor with 12.5% (n=171) and malignant stomach tumor with 9.1% (n=125). The specific mortality rate for cancer in the state in 2020 corresponded to 10.4 per 100,000 women. Conclusions: Cancer mortality at the state level has been maintained with minimal percentage differences each year (0.7%), but exceeds the projected at a national level. The most frequent types of cancer associated with deaths of women in Chiapas are cervical, breast, and stomach cancer.
Elaborado por Maurício Amormino Júnior -CRB6/2422O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores.2018 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
Introduction: Sexuality is determined by multiple factors. The knowledge and perceptions of the individual's environment will determine their behavior in this regard. Identifying the perceptions in a population that attends higher education is important to carry out specific prevention activities, since the repercussions of their sexual behavior are decisive for the public health of populations. Objective: Determine what are the perceptions and the main sexual risk behaviors in American university students. Method: Systematic review. The search was carried out in the Cochrane, Medigraphic and PubMed databases with the search words sexual behavior, college students, finding 25,821 results, filtered by language (English or Spanish), access to full text, year of publication (2016-2021), geographic area (American continent) and sample (university population), resulting in n=12 articles. Results: most of the authors agree that American university students, despite having knowledge regarding sexuality and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), do not carry out preventive actions, with a beginning of sexual life approximately at the age of fifteen and multiple partners. simultaneous; condom use is predominant as a method of family planning and sexting as a risky sexual behavior has become more important in recent years. Conclusions: the high prevalence of risk behaviors and the low use of diagnostic tests supports the fact that America is one of the continents with the most annual diagnoses of STIs in the world, with consequences that can be of varying severity and even fatal.
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