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This study aimed to explore the determinants of renewable energy consumption in selected Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries by emphasizing the significant role played by the quality of governance. This paper is classified according to the coverage of three dimensions approach (economic, environment, and governance) for sustainability. This study employed panel data analysis to examine the relationship between GDP, CO 2 emissions, foreign direct investment, trade openness, urbanization, and quality of governance on renewable energy consumption in selected ASEAN countries from 1990 to 2016. The results revealed that urbanisation has a significant positive impact on renewable energy based on FMOLS and DOLS analyses while the quality of governance has a significant positive impact on renewable energy based on pooled mean group analysis in the long run. However, GDP and trade openness have a significant negative impact on renewal energy. The elasticity analysis in the short run revealed that none of the factors applied in this study affected renewable energy consumption. Hence, several policies are recommended as an excellent approach to meet the energy demand of private investors and future generations.

This study examines the two important aspect of latest technology issues in Islamic finance that related to artificial intelligence (AI) and smart contract. AI refers to the ability of machines to understand, think, and learn in a similar way to human beings, indicating the possibility of using computers to simulate human intelligence. Smart contract is a computer code running on top of a block-chain containing a set of rules under which the parties to that smart contract agree to interact with each other. The main objectives of this article are to evaluate the operations of AI and smart contract, to make comparison between the operations of AI and smart contract. This article concludes that AI and smart contract will have a huge impact in future for Islamic Finance industry.

This paper investigates the use of the green sukuk, particularly, for financing the renewable energy projects. More precisely, three case studies have been chosen for discussion. In the first case study, we highlight "Hybrid Sukuk" framework adopted by Tadau Energy Sdn. Bhd. for financing solar photovoltaic (PV) plants. The second case study, we reviewed "Sukuk Wakalah" issued by BEWG (M) Sdn. Bhd., as an ideal solution for water treatment project. Finally, for the third case study, we have discussed in detail about "Sukuk Murabahah" which is being used by Sarawak Hidro Sdn. Bhd. for financing the hydroelectric plant (BAKUN hydroelectric project).

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