Urbanization and poverty are two important aspects closely linked to sustainable development goals. Urbanization in Indonesia is still far from improving migrant welfare as well as their destination regions. Every 1% growth of urbanization in Indonesia can only increase 4% of GDP per capita. Low economic benefits resulted from urbanization in Indonesia merely shift rural poor to become urban poor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of urbanization on poverty reduction in Indonesia, both in the regional aggregate and at the rural and urban levels as the origin and destination regions of urbanization. This study used secondary data of population and poverty from Population Census (SP), the Inter-Census Population Survey (SUPAS), and the National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). Data analysis was performed using regionalization techniques, Primacy Index, Lorenz Curve, Geographic Information System (GIS), and simple linear regression. The results showed that the rate of urbanization had a positive relationship with per capita income and the population of urban poor, but had a negative relationship with the population of rural poor. A unit increase in urban population variable percentage would increase the average GDP/capita variable by 0,466. This would be followed by an increase in the average urban poor population variable by 0,447 and a reduction in the average rural poor population variable by 0,705.
<span lang="ZH-CN">Penyediaan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di suatu wilayah perlu memperhatikan kebutuhan pelayanan, jumlah penduduk, luas wilayah, dan aksesibilitas. Keragaman jumlah dan jenis fasilitas pelayanan yang terdapat di beberapa daerah memungkinkan terjadinya konsentrasi dan pemusatan fasilitas pelayanan pada salah satu daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis konsentrasi fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang berimplikasi pada dominasi kota sebagai pusat pelayanan. Data utama penelitian ini bersumber dari data sekunder dengan metode analisis d</span><span lang="EN-US">e</span><span lang="ZH-CN">skriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dengan unit analisis paling kecil adalah kecamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kota masih menjadi wilayah dengan konsentrasi pelayanan kesehatan yang tinggi, dalam hal ini adalah Kota Yogyakarta. Indeks konsentrasi fasilitas kesehatan di Kota Yogyakarta sebesar 10,76, sedangkan indeks terkecil berada di Kabupaten Gunungkidul (0,51). Dominasi kota sebagai pusat pelayanan kesehatan juga diperkuat dengan tingginya indeks konsentrasi fasilitas kesehatan di Kecamatan Umbulharjo (14,94) yang berlokasi di Kota Yogyakarta.</span>
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