Environmental health and its ties with carbon emission policies have gradually become a hot topic in environmental agenda of nations. In this study, we discuss the issue as environmental health and justice issue in different types of governmental approaches in public management. In this respect, the comparative position of federal and unitary governments were paid attention and the status about sustainable development prospects were analyzed together through looking at the CO2 emission rates and the workers who are under the effect of those policies, benefiting from disability adjusted life years (DALY) statistics.

The transportation issue is one of the thematic priorities which give policy makers great inspiration and demand background. Today's transport networks are leading the way in sustainable, efficient and safe mobility, increasing access to all regions. Large scale projects, infrastructures, networks, EU Cohesion policy's nearly 22% fund support were mostly emphasized in this sense. This is also valid for candidate countries for Union. This paper discussed the case of Turkey, i.e. she is a candidate state for European Union, and benefiting from the financial instruments for funding regional development process as European Regional Development Fund, Cohesion Fund, European Social Fund, EU Solidarity Fund, IPA and Turkish Cypriot community, Turkey only benefits from the IPA program. This study was prepared in order to present a review upon the transportation projects within the regional development policy of EU. Today, the available member countries are part of a policy mechanism via being joined the mostly known transport projects as Baltic Sea, Interrag V-A sub projects, and Central Europe integration in transportation manners. Those projects were also analyzed in order to show the inspiration themes for the future and today's concepts and needs of Turkey to be fulfilled in the regional development politics on transportation issue. The number and budgets of transport themed projects and major projects and Turkish TENT and similar IPA supported projects were also evaluated in this study.

This study investigates the issue that whether there is a gender-based difference in mobbing behaviors. Research data was collected from the employees of health care providers in the Province of Kilis. Data was collected by convenience sampling method through face to face interviews with a total of 200 employees. Five dimensional LIPT Questionnaire (Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror) evaluation scale taken as the basis, which was developed by Leymann (1996) and adopted to Turkish by Avci & Kaya (2010). The 5 point Likert scale was used in the questionnaire and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the 5 dimensions was found as 0.81. This coefficient is acceptable according to Tavakol & Dennick (2011, 54). SPSS 21.0 software was used in the analysis of data collected in the study. The median value of 3 was taken into account as the test value. In this study, frequency analysis, factor analysis, and t-test were carried out in order to determine whether the mobbing behavior differs depending on the gender of the healthcare professionals. Conducting the study only on the healthcare professionals working in the health care providers in the Province of Kilis may be seen as a significant limitation. It was assumed that the participants of the survey have answered the questions intimately.In the study, the degree of mobbing experienced by healthcare professionals on the basis of gender was investigated in the study in a total of five dimensions (attacks on social relationships, reputation attacks, attacks on self-expression, attacks on the quality of working life and attacks on private life and personal affairs); and differences among the mobbing behaviors were tried to be identified.It was found in the study that only the attacks on self-expression have a significant difference depending on the gender, among the five dimensions representing mobbing behaviors. Looking at the arithmetic mean of this dimension scale, it can be stated that female employees are being exposed to attacks on self-expression (2.56) more than male employees. This supports the other findings in the literature (Ofluoglu &

The role of local governments has recently increased in importance, and as reforms and restructuring of their functions have revealed, the concept of "representation and participation" is coming into prominence." Notably, the representation of local communities within the decisions is mainly taken on behalf of society gained importance. The city councils, which are under the focal scope of our study, are the ones constituted by "local representatives" being elected by local communities and responsible for protecting the rights of society. The acknowledgement of representatives by society, the representatives' own recognition of society and also representing issue emerged as important determinants so that the function of representation might materialize as effective. This study examined the represent ability of city council members in Turkey within the case of Kahramanmaraş Province in Turkey. Hence, the profile of all city council members was presented, and then the views and approaches of them were discussed. The elicited approaches and views which belong to the members were mainly probed within the frame of "represent ability of city council members".

The growing cities in Turkey by the population and spatial terms and the increase of societiesIn this study the case of metropolitan municipalities' own available system which has an important place in local governance will be analyzed.