Objective: Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is one of the large-scale pandemics affecting the whole World. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. This study aims to examine the factors that may be effective on COVID-19 disease severity in breast cancer patients. Material and Methods: This study was carried out as a single-center and retrospective study with a total of 65 patients with a pathological diagnosis of breast cancer who were hospitalized between April 2020 and June 2021. The patients were divided into two groups, mild and severe. 35 patients were in the mild group and 30 patients were in the severe group. Patients with oxygen saturation below 93 percent, needing non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, and multiple organ failure were included in the severe group. Results: A total of 17 parameters that may affect disease severity were analyzed. As a result of the univariate analysis performed to evaluate the potential factors that may affect the severity of the disease, statistically, significant differences were found: the patient had diabetes mellitus (P=0.050), the neutrophil count increased during hospitalization (P=0.002), the lymphocyte count decreased at admission (P). =0.001), high d-dimer level during hospitalization (P=0.007), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio above 2.55 (P=0.016). Conclusion: As a result, the presence of diabetes mellitus, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, high D-dimer, and increased lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in patients with breast cancer may aggravate the course of COVID-19 disease. These parameters may be predictive for closer follow-up in terms of clinical deterioration of the patients.

Background Cancer patients have an increased risk of COVID-19 compared to the healthy population. Due to increased proinflammatory cytokine excess, unopposed excessive immune response, that is, systemic inflammatory response; is the most important reason that increases the risk of mortality. In this study, we aimed to examine the parameters and inflammatory indices affecting mortality in lung cancer patients with COVID-19. Methods This single-center retrospective study included 66 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and treated for COVID-19 between April 2020 and July 2021. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), prognostic index (PI), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), and COVID inflammatory score (OIS) were calculated for all patients. Twenty-seven potential prognostic variables were chosen for univariate and multivariate analyses. Results A total of 28 variables were analyzed univariable. Seven variables were identified to have prognostic significance: receiving chemotherapy in the last 28 days, hospitalization in the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation requirement, COVID 19 corticosteroid treatment doses, hemoglobin, platelet count, uric acid. Multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazard model, including seven prognostic significance factors evident in univariate analysis. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis; hemoglobin, uric acid were independent risk factors for severe COVID-19 in lung cancer. Conclusion Serum hemoglobin and uric acid level were identified as important prognostic factors in lung cancer patients with COVID-19. These findings may facilitate the prediction of survival in lung cancer patients with COVID-19. In the literature, there is no previous study on the effect of uric acid on prognosis in patients with COVID-19 and lung cancer. Prospective studies with larger patient populations are needed to confirm this study.

Background COVID-19 is one of the pandemics affecting the whole World. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Therefore, the prevalence of COVID-19 increases in breast cancer pateients. In this study, it is aimed to examine the factors that may be effective on COVID-19 disease severity in breast cancer patients. Method This study was carried out as a single-center and retrospective study with a total of 65 patients with a pathological diagnosis of breast cancer who were hospitalized between April 2020 and June 2021, and PCR positive in COVID-19 nasopharyngeal swab sample. The patients were divided into two groups, mild and severe. 35 patients were in the mild groups and 30 patients were in the severe group. Patients with oxygen saturation below 93 percent, followed and treated in the intensive care unit, more than 50% lesion increase in chest imaging in the first 24–48 hours, needing non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock and multiple organ failure were included in the severe group. Results a total of 17 parameters that may affect disease severity were analyzed with univariate logistic regression analysis of the Kaplan- Meier test. As a result of the univariate analysis performed to evaluate the potential factors that may affect the severity of the disease, statistically significant differences were found: the patient had diabetes mellitus (P = 0.050), the neutrophil count increased during hospitalization (P = 0.002), the lymphocyte count decreased at admission (P). =0.001), high d-dimer level during hospitalization (P = 0.007), lymphocyte to monocyte ratio above 2.55 (P = 0.016). Discussion As a result, the presence of diabetes mellitus, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, high D-dimer, increased lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in patients with breast cancer may aggravate the course of COVID-19 disease. These parameters may be predictive for closer follow-up in terms of clinical deterioration of the patients. More recent studies are needed.

The triglyceride-glucose index is a newly discovered parameter that indicates insulin resistance. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein ratio with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was performed retrospectively in 296 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients were divided into two equal groups according to their HbA1c levels as having good glycemic control (HbA1c 7 and below) and poor glycemic control (HbA1c above 7). Age, gender, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, serum triglyceride level, serum HDL level, serum LDL level, riglyceride-glucose index, and triglyceride/HDL ratio were compared between the groups. Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, HDL, triglyceride-glucose index, and triglyceride/HDL ratio wassignificantly different between patient groups with good and poor blood glucose regulation (p<0.05). Patients with poor glycemic control had lower fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, triglyceride-glucose index, and HDL values compared to patients with high triglyceride/HDL ratio and good glycemic control. There was no difference between the groups in terms of other variables (p>0.05). Triglyceride-glucose index and triglyceride/HDL ratio may be indicators of poor glycemic control in diabetic individuals. These indices are cheaper, universal, and easy-to-measure parameters compared to HbA1c and can be used to predict glycemic regulation.

Objective: Cancer patients have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection compared to the healthy population. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the parameters and inflammatory indices that influence mortality in lung cancer patients who contract COVID-19. Material and Methods: The sample of this single-center retrospective study comprised 66 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and treated for COVID-19 between April 2020 and July 2021. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, prognostic index, modified Glasgow prognostic score, and COVID inflammatory score were calculated for all patients. A total of twenty-seven potential prognostic variables were identified for further analysis through univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Seven variables with statistically significant prognostic values were identified as a result. The identified variables include having received chemotherapy in the last 28 days, hospitalization in the intensive care unit, the need for mechanical ventilation, receipt of COVID-19 corticosteroid treatment, serum uric acid level, hemoglobin level, and platelet count. The seven variables with prognostic value were subjected to Cox regression analysis. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that low hemoglobin and low uric acid levels emerged as independent risk factors for survival in lung cancer patients infected with COVID-19. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to suggest that serum hemoglobin levels less than 10 g/dL and serum uric acid levels less than 3.5 mg/dL can serve as prognostic factors in lung cancer patients infected with COVID-19, aiding in predicting mortality.