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Increasing demand for practical applications is forcing more in-depth research into optical vortices (OVs): from the generation and measurement to the shaping and multi-singularity manipulation of OVs. Herein, we propose a new type of phase structure called the high-order cross-phase (HOCP), which can be employed to modulate OVs to implement polygonal shaping and multi-singularity manipulation simultaneously at far-field. Theoretically, we investigate the propagation characteristics of OVs modulated by a HOCP. In experiments, we achieve the polygonal shaping and multi-singularity manipulation of OVs via HOCPs. On this basis, we discuss the relationship between shapes and the orders of HOCPs, where we find that the order of a HOCP is exactly equal to the number of sides of polygonal OVs. This work provides a novel method to achieve polygonal shaping and multi-singularity manipulation simultaneously, which facilitate applications in optical micro-manipulation and optical communication.

Short carbon fiber reinforced poly(trimethylene terephthalate) composites (PTT/SCF) were investigated in their rheology behaviors, phase morphology, electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties by capillary rheometer, scanning electron microscope, universal tester, high insulation resistance meter, Q meter, and thermal gravimetric analyzer. PTT/SCF melt is the dilating fluid at a shear rate below 130 s-1, while it becomes pseudo-plastic fluid at a shear rate higher than 130 s- 1. Melt apparent viscosity and viscous flow activation energy increase initially, and then decrease as SCF content increases, which have maximum values with 2 wt% SCF. The interaction between SCF and PTT matrix is strong based on the observation from the fracture surface of composites. The tensile strength and rupture strength are all increased obviously with increasing SCF; while the impact strength reaches a maximum value as SCF contents is 5%. With increasing SCF content in matrix, the electrical resistivity is decreased, while the dielectric constant, and the dielectric loss tangent were increased.

Abstract. Osteosarcoma is among the commonly observed malignancies worldwide. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a highly conserved protein and is involved in the progression of various types of human cancer. The aim of the present study was to explore whether the level of HMGB1 was involved in the necrosis of osteosarcoma cells. Doxorubicin (DXR), as an inducer of necrosis, was administered to human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG63, Saos-2 and U2OS), and the results indicated that 0.5 µg/ml DXR significantly induced the necrosis of MG63 cells (P<0.01), while 0.5 and 1.0 µg/ml DXR suppressed the viability of MG63 and U2OS cells (P<0.05), relative to untreated controls. Additionally, treatment with DXR was observed by western blot analysis to markedly increase the expression levels of HMGB1 in MG63 cells, and to significantly increase the levels of secreted HMGB1 in the supernatants of MG63 and U2OS cells (P<0.01). In conclusion, cell necrosis increased the level of HMGB1 in osteosarcoma cells, as well as the level of secreted HMGB1 in cell supernatants. Therefore, HMGB1 may be a potential target in molecular therapy for patients with osteosarcoma.

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