BackgroundSystemic nocardiosis due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica has not been reported in dogs.Case presentationLight and electron microscopy, microbiological culture and molecular identification (PCR) were used to diagnose systemic nocardiosis caused by Nocardia cyriacigeorgica in a 3-month-old husky dog. The postmortem changes included multifocal to coalescing, sharply circumscribed pyogranulomatous inflammation and abscess formation in lungs, liver, myocardium, spleen, kidneys, brain, and hilar lymph nodes. The organism was isolated and sequencing of its 16S rRNA allowed its identification and speciation. Examination of the bacterial culture by scanning electron-microscope showed filamentous branching with fragmentation into widely bacillary and cocoid forms of the bacteria. There was no history of immunosupressive drug administration and infection by the immunosuppresive viral pathogens, canine distemper and parvovirus were excluded via PCR.Conclusion N. cyriacigeorgica should be considered potential cause of systemic pyogranulomatous lesions in dogs. It is the first reported case of systemic nocardiosis due to N. cyriacigeorgica in a dog.

The concurrent occurrence of a bovine viral diarrhoea virus type-1 infection and necrotising-suppurative bronchopneumonia due to Trueperella pyogenes was diagnosed in a 4-month-old male calf. The pulmonary lesions were characterised by necro-suppurative bronchopneumonia with intralesional gram-positive microorganisms. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis (MALDI-TOF MS) also indicated the presence of BVDV type-1 and Trueperella pyogenes agents, respectively. A positive immunoreaction to the BVDV was present in the vascular walls in the lungs, hepatocytes, lymphoid cells in the spleen and lymph nodes, and neurons in the brain. With this case study, the two infections were, to the best of our knowledge, reported concurrently for the first time. It can be assumed that a subclinical BVDV infection might contribute to the occurrence of Trueperella pyogenes infections in calves.

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This study investigated the presence of Mycoplasma bovis in nasal swabs taken from cattle with pneumonia, to reveal the clinical and biochemical findings of positive animals, and determine the levels of vitamin A and 25(OH)D3. In the study were included 103 infected cattle and 10 healthy cattle, all aged 1-4 years, as the control group. Quantitative clinical evaluations and clinical examinations were performed on each animal, and 5 ml blood samples and nasal swabs were taken. Serum biochemistry, vitamin A and 25(OH)D3 levels were determined in both positive and control samples. The clinical signs were identified by qualitative scoring in M. bovis positive animals. Regarding the clinical findings, respiratory frequency, heart rate, and rectal temperature were significantly higher in positive than control group animals (p<0.001). Regarding the biochemistry findings, albumin (ALB) and glucose (GLU) levels were lower in cattle infected with M. bovis (p<0.001) whereas total protein (TP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were higher (p<0.001). While serum 25(OH)D3 levels were lower in infected animals (p<0.001), there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in serum vitamin A levels. In this study, clinical findings in cattle naturally infected with M. bovis were expressed qualitatively and quantitatively. In addition, it has been revealed that the disease does not only cause lung involvement, but also causes changes in biochemical and vitamin levels. Although these parameters cannot be used as a biomarker in the diagnosis of pneumonia, they are thought to provide benefits in terms of diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis in practice.

A 6-year-old, male Arabian crossbred horse was necropsied after a 10 day history of loss of appetite, debility and weight loss. Gross and histologic examination was consistent with purulent papillitis due to Streptococcus infantarius subsp. infantarius. The isolate was sensitive to all the antibiotics tested.