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IntroductionIn 1936, the Englishman Ludlow discovered Paeonia ludlowii during his investigation in Tibet. In 1953, he published an article in the British "Botanical Magazine" naming Paeonia ludlowii 1 . It is a deciduous shrub of the genus Paeonia in the family Ranunculaceae, a subspecies of Paeonia delavayi, and it is endemic to Tibet 2 . It is distributed only in a narrow range of approximately 100 km in length in Brahmaputra Canyon at an altitude of 2900 3200 m; it is one of the eight peony species in China 3,4 . However, the distribution range of Paeonia ludlowii is narrow, its population is small, and it is considered endangered, as it is included in the "Chinese Red List of Species" 5,6 . China issued the Announcement of the Ministry of Health on Approving Acer truncatum kernel oil and Peony seed oil as New Food Resources on March 22, 2011, approving Peony seed oil as a new food resource 7 ; thus, peony seed oil has officially become an edible oil from a woody plant in China. According to the literature, P. ludlowii can be used as a new material for the development of oil peony varieties 8 .

Peaches mainly produced in China are a source of food-derived proteins, but much of it is wasted. To make full use of the peaches and peaches related resources, we extracted proteins, including albumin, globulin, gliadin, and glutelin, from defatted Tibet wild peach kernels using Osborne method to study their angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibiting activity, which is an active ingredient for hypertension treatment. The different enzymatic products of these extracts were further separated by ultrafiltration membranes and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The component K2 originated from globulin hydrolysate by alcalase treatment showed the highest ACE inhibiting activity (IC 50 0.78 mg/mL). Through further analyzing the Mass spectrometry results of K2 and searching the BIOEP database, the specific dipeptide AH (consisted of Ala and His) has been identified as the ACE inhibitory peptide, providing a potential for using Tibet peach kernelderived peptides as an ingredient in functional food to control hypertension.

The global burden of cancer continues to increase largely with the aging and growth of the world population. The purpose of the present work was to find new anticancer molecules from a natural source. We utilized chromatographic methods to isolate compounds from medicinal plant Dryopteris fragrans (L.) Schott. The structure of the new compounds was determined by spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D NMR, 2D NMR, and EMI-MS). Their anti-proliferation effects against five human cancer cell lines including A549, MCF7, HepG2, HeLa, and PC-3 were evaluated by CCK-8 andlactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. A new sesquiterpene, (7S, 10S)-2,3-dihydroxy-calamenene-15-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1), and two known compounds (2 and 3) were isolated. The new sesquiterpene was named dryofraterpene A and significantly inhibited cancer cell proliferation without any obvious necrosis below a 10 μM concentration. In conclusion, a novel anticancer sesquiterpene together with two known compounds was isolated, which might be a promising lead compound for the treatment of cancer.

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