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This study presents an optimisation method for slotless permanent magnet synchronous machines to maximise torque density. The slotless structure with outer rotor and Halbach array has been selected to limit iron losses, torque ripple, cogging torque, and high-order harmonics. High-speed operation compounds both ac copper loss and mechanical stress. The former causes a temperature rise in the machine, while the latter is induced by strong centrifugal forces. A finite-element analysis-based optimisation method that utilises a parallel multistart, mesh adaptive direct search strategy is proposed to consider ac copper loss and mechanical stress as constraint variables. Finally, the torque densities of titanium and aermet shell designs were compared to show how material selection provides a trade-off in terms of torque production, mechanical stress, and weight.

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This paper studies ways to improve the capacity of renewable energy to reduce the adverse effects of renewable energy generation on the power grid system, improve energy efficiency, and implement comprehensive complementary utilization of multiple energy sources. According to different resource conditions and energy demands, the multi-energy complementary systems are constructed through comprehensive energy management and collaborative optimization control. On the basis of summarizing the technical routes of multi-energy complementary system at home and abroad, the key technologies of multi-energy complementary were discussed, including various power characteristics, complementary ways and future research directions. It provides a reference for the development and application of multi-energy complementary system