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The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) in primary aldosteronism (PA) patients.Methods: This case-control study enrolled 259 PA patients in West China Hospital, China from January 2016 to January 2019. Patients were divided into three groups: PA group, PA + impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) group and PA + DM group. Clinical characteristics (like age and sex) and laboratory variables (like plasma aldosterone concentration and plasma renin activity) were compared between three groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine risk factors for DM in PA patients. The association of random blood glucose with the above-mentioned factors were also investigated by Pearson correlation analyses. Nomogram model was developed to predict the probability of DM in PA patients.Results: 49 (18.9%) patients were diagnosed with DM and 22 (8.5%) with IFG/IGT in 259 PA patients. Apart from older age, male, higher body mass index, higher triglycerides and lower cholesterol, we found that higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and higher 24 h urinary calcium (Ca) might be potential new risk factors for dysglycemia. The nomogram model for DM in PA patients had a good predictive accuracy, with the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic of 0.839 (95% CI 0.784-0.893).Conclusions: PA patients were more likely to have DM compared with general population. Apart from older age, overweight and dyslipidemia, higher BUN and excessive excretion of urinary Ca may also be the new potential risk factors for DM in PA patients.

ObjectiveDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histopathological type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which may arise from various extranodal sites. Little is known about the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of primary DLBCL of the urinary tract (UT). Thus, we conducted this study to explore the independent prognostic factors of patients with UT-DLBCL using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.Materials and MethodsWe searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for the data of patients diagnosed with UT-DLBCL between 1975 and 2016. Data, including demographic tumour stage and therapeutic strategies, such as surgical resection, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, were collected. The impact of these factors on survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), was analysed using Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsFour-hundred and eighty-nine patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the data analysis. The median age was 69 years old. Most cases of UT-DLBCL (72.39%) originated from the kidney, followed by the urinary bladder (24.95%). Both surgical resection and chemotherapy can significantly improve OS and DSS. Patients older than 75 years had the worst survival outcomes. Stage IV DLBCL may be a poor prognostic factor.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the largest population-based study of UT-DLBCL. Advanced age, male gender, lack of surgical resection or chemotherapy, and stage IV DLBCL were poor prognostic factors.

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