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The formation, propagation, and detection of fatigue cracks are the key issues for the life extension of pressure pipelines and metal welded joints. Especially in the high-temperature and high-pressure water environment of nuclear power. Since the interference of measuring instruments and noise would affect the monitoring of potential signals that characterize crack growth. Combined with the relevant information and various methods of fatigue crack growth detection were analyzed, it can be seen that the Direct Current Potential Drop (DCPD) method has significant advantages in many crack detection methods. Firstly, the development history and current situation of fatigue crack research were analyzed. Secondly, its basic principles and key problems were summarized. Based on the existing crack detection methods, the real-time monitoring system was introduced, and the overall research status was evaluated and analyzed, which a reliable scientific basis for the numerical analysis of fatigue life and a reference were provided for the research on this field.