BackgroundMany factors have been put forward as a driving mechanism of surgery-triggered adhesion formation (AF). In this study, we underline the key role of specific surgical trauma related with open surgery (OS) and laparoscopic (LS) conditions in postoperative AF and we aimed to study peritoneal tissue inflammatory reaction (TIR), remodelling specific complications of open surgery (OS) versus LS and subsequently evaluating AF induced by these conditions.MethodsA prospective randomized study was done in 80 anaesthetised female Wistar rats divided equally into 2 groups. Specific traumatic OS conditions were induced by midline incision line (MIL) extension and tissue drying and specific LS conditions were remodelled by intraperitoneal CO2 insufflation at the 10 cm of water. TIR was evaluated at the 24th, 72nd, 120th and 168th hour by scoring scale. Statistical analysis was performed by the non-parametric t test and two-way ANOVA using Bonferroni post-tests.ResultsMore pronounced residual TIR was registered after OS than after LS. There were no significant TIR interactions though highly significant differences were observed between the OS and LS groups (p < 0.0001) with regard to surgical and time factors. The TIR change differences between the OS and LS groups were pronounced with postoperative time p < 0.05 at the 24th and 72nd; p < 0.01 - 120th and p < 0.001 - 168th hrs. Adhesion free wounds were observed in 20.0 and 31.0% of cases after creation of OS and LS conditions respectively; with no significant differences between these values (p > 0.05). However larger adhesion size (41.67 ± 33.63) was observed after OS in comparison with LS (20.31 ± 16.38). The upper-lower 95% confidential limits ranged from 60.29 to 23.04 and from 29.04 to 11.59 respectively after OS and LS groups with significant differences (p = 0.03). Analogous changes were observed in adhesion severity values. Subsequently, severe TIR parameters were followed by larger sizes of severe postoperative adhesions in the OS group than those observed in the LS group.ConclusionsMIL extension and tissue drying seem to be the key factors in the pathogenesis of adhesion formation, triggering severe inflammatory reactions of the peritoneal tissue surrounding the MIL resulting in local and systemic consequences. CO2 insufflation however, led to moderate inflammation and less adhesion formation.
Реализация модульной системы в медицинском образовании требует тщательного подбора учебного материала, объединения усилий междисциплинарной команды преподавателей, состыковки тематики занятий, заложенных в одном модуле в условиях многопрофильных клинических дисциплин. Целью данной работы является апробация анкеты, разработанной для оценки различных аспектов процесса обучения студентов на кафедре пропедевтики детских болезней. В проведенном исследовании получены предварительные данные, описывающие процесс внедрения и принятия модульной системы студентами 3-го курса в КазНМУ. Количественный и качественный анализ результатов анкетирования подтверждает, что модульная система принимается студентами, а также определяет направления совершенствования процесса преподавания: организация обучения, форма подачи теоретических знаний, ориентированность на практику, повышение языковой компетенции преподавателей, что задает основу формирования профессионализма будущих врачей. Медициналық білім беруде модульдік жүйені іске асыру оқу материалын мұқият таңдауды, оқытушылардың пәнаралық командасының күш-жігерін біріктіруді, көп маманды клиникалық пәндер жағдайында бір модульге біріктірілген сабақтар тақырыптарын түйістіруді талап етеді. Біздің жұмысымыздың мақсаты бала аурулары пропедевтикасы кафедрасында студенттерді оқыту процесінің әртүрлі аспектілерін бағалау үшін әзірленген сауалнаманы апробациялау болды. Жүргізілген зерттеуде ҚазҰМУ-да 3-курс студенттерінің модульдік жүйені енгізу және қабылдау үдерісін сипаттайтын алдын ала деректер алынды. Сауалнама нәтижелерінің сандық және сапалық талдауы модульдік жүйенің студенттермен қабылданатынын растайды, сондай-ақ оқыту процесін жетілдіру бағыттарын айқындайды: оқытуды ұйымдастыру, теориялық білімді беру нысаны, тәжірибеге бағдарлану, оқытушылардың тілдік құзыреттілігін арттыру, бұл болашақ дәрігерлердің кәсібилігін қалыптастырудың негізін қалайды. The implementation of a modular system in medical education requires a careful selection of teaching material, combining the efforts of an interdisciplinary team of teachers, docking the topics of classes laid down in a single module in the context of multidisciplinary clinical disciplines. The aim of our work was to test a questionnaire designed to assess various aspects of student learning at the Department of Pediatric Propaedeutics. The conducted study obtained preliminary data describing the process of implementation and adoption of the modular system by 3rd year students at KazNMU. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of questioning results confirms that the modular system is accepted by students, and also determines directions of teaching process improvement: organization of training, form of theoretical knowledge presentation, orientation on practice, increase of teachers' language competence, which sets the basis for formation of future doctors' professionalism.
The CORONIS collaborative group. Caesarean section surgical techniques: 3 year follow-up of the CORONIS fractional, factorial, unmasked, randomised controlled trial.
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