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In-situ mullite toughened 3Y-TZP composite ceramic (mullite/3Y-TZP) with excellent mechanical properties was fabricated by gel-casting. The cytotoxicity of mullite/3Y-TZP was determined by both extract and direct contact methods, and the results indicated that mullite/3Y-TZP had no acute cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the tribological properties of the tooth enamel sliding against mullite/3Y-TZP in artificial saliva were investigated by using the pin-on-plate friction method. The friction coefficient (μ) between the two friction samples was about 0.464 with a stable friction process, and both of them showed slight wear. Analysis of the wear surface and debris demonstrated that the tooth enamel mainly suffered from fatigue wear accompanied by mild adhesive wear, while mullite/3Y-TZP showed slight abrasive wear. This result indicated that mullite/3Y-TZP had good wear resistance and showed potential applications in dental material.

Artificial intelligence technology has fueled the requirement for flexible hardware. Although flexible electronic devices have become promising candidates in recent years, they inevitably face problems like performance degradation caused by deformation. In this paper, we report a stable performance and flexible indium tin oxide synaptic transistor with an ultralow back-sweep subthreshold swing of 28.52 mV/dec, which is ascribed to the positive charge trapping/de-trapping effect introduced by a naturally oxidized Al2O3 layer. Even after bending 1 × 103 times, the flexible artificial synapse shows stable electrical performance without evident attenuation. Furthermore, the synaptic transistor exhibits good compatibility with an external thin-film pressure sensor, and their combination empowers the device to realize tactile sensing, which can achieve the function of Braille code recognition. Evidently, the reported flexible synaptic transistor demonstrates its potential for artificial perception processing.