Exposure to concentrated ambient fine particulate matter ( PM 2.5) has been associated with cardiovascular diseases ( CVD s). The barrier function of vascular endothelial cells is critical for the development of CVD s. Here, we employed human umbilical vein endothelial cells to clarify the function of ambient PM 2.5 pollution in the regulation of membrane permeability of vascular endothelial cells. The results show that a high concentration of PM 2.5, which mainly includes heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, induces barrier dysfunction of vascular endothelial cells. This was mediated in part by promoting IL ‐6 expression, which then increases the transcriptional activity of HIF ‐1α by promoting its translocation to the nucleus. Our findings indicate that concentrated PM 2.5 can destroy membrane integrity and promote permeability in vascular endothelial cells, thereby contributing to the development of CVD s.

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