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This paper focuses on understanding the influence of materials' properties on the ferroelectric electron emission. Ferroelectric (x=1.0 and 0.8) and paraelectric (x=0.67 and 0.5) compositions of barium strontium titanate (BaxSr(1−x)TiO3) system were chosen for study based on their different ferroelectric and dielectric properties. Similar emission current waveforms were obtained from four compositions with negative triggering voltage applied to the rear electrode of the samples. It was difficult to explain the experimental results using the spontaneous polarization‐switching model. The mechanism of electron emission from BaxSr(1−x)TiO3 ceramics was ascertained to surface plasma emission.

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1. Drought has become more common and severe in many parts of the world due to climate change. The effect of water stress on insect oviposition preference that is key determinant for their fitness has received less attention.2. Here, we examined how water stress may affect oviposition selection of Ostrinia furnacalis for maize plants in the greenhouse, and tested difference in volatile compounds emitted from treated maize, and electronantennogram and bioassay responses of O. furnacalis to the volatile profiles in maize plants.3. Ostrinia furnacalis were more prone to lay eggs on the well-watered maize. Most plant volatile compounds differed significantly among the three water treatments, including increased emissions of β-caryophyllene, (E)-2-hexenal, and linalool, and decreased emission of (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol when subjected to increasing intensity of drought. Varied volatile profiles of maize may drive oviposition decision of O. furnacalis,because O. furnacalis showed a clear oviposition preference for (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, while not for β-caryophyllene, (E)-2-hexenal, and linalool, at the concentration of 1000 ppm.5. This study advances understanding of drought effects on plant-insect interactions through volatile profiles. Our finding calls for attention to oviposition selection for insect pest management in agricultural settings, especially in regions under changing precipitation patterns.