The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of health care-associated infections, risk factors, and antimicrobial use. Material and Methods. The study was carried out as a point-prevalence study in acute care wards, i.e., intensive care, surgical, and medical wards, at Vilnius University Hospital Santariškių Klinikos in April 2010. The study variables included the patient’s general data, indwelling devices, surgery, infection and its microbiological investigation, and antimicrobial use. All the variables that were logically related or had a P value of <0.25 in the univariate analysis were included in the stepwise logistic regression in order to study the factors potentially associated with health careassociated infections. Results. A total of 731 patients were surveyed. The overall prevalence rate of health care-associated infections was 3.8%. The prevalence of health care-associated infections differed by hospital wards (range 0.0%–19.2%). The lower respiratory tract (32.2%), urinary tract (28.5%), and surgical site infections (32.1%) were the most common health care-associated infections. Moreover, 89.3% of the cases of health care-associated infections were microbiologically investigated. Staphylococcus aureus (28.6%) and Escherichia coli (19.1%) were the most frequently isolated microorganisms. The use of one or more invasive devices was recorded in 332 patients (45.4%). Of the surveyed patients, 20.2% received antimicrobial agents. The most commonly prescribed antimicrobial agents were fluoroquinolones (21.1%), broad-spectrum penicillins (19.1%), and first- or second-generation cephalosporins (18.6%). Conclusions. The prevalence of health care-associated infections was found to be similar to the reported overall prevalence rate of health care-associated infections in acute care hospitals in Lithuania.

Cancer is the most common cause of death worldwide. Nursing services provided in the late stage of cancer complications improve the quality of life of patients, accelerate the recovery process or help them find inner spiritual peace. The ability of nurses to express empathy and apply motivational interviews has an impact on patients becoming stronger psychologically and physically. The psychological need is effective when a teamwork model is used. The aim of the research – to analyze scientific literature on the needs of patients in the stage of late complications of cancer treatment. Methods of research. Systematic research of the scientific literature was conducted using PubMed, BMJ, Elsevier, The Lancet oncology, IMJ, Google Scholar, World Health Organisation electronic databases. The results showed that the side effects of treatment can last for years in cancer patients in the late stage of complications. The nursing needs are directed to the continuous care of oncological patients, assessment of health status. Teamwork helps to involve the patient in the services provided, to motivate the patient's actions, feedback is important too. Educational activities of the nursing staff are aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle, planning daily activities that help reduce fatigue, pain, and maintain muscle mass.

Imunoprofilaktika yra viena svarbiausių užkrečiamųjų ligų valdymo priemonių. Siekiant suvaldyti skiepais val­domas infekcijas, būtina užtikrinti moksliniais įrodymais pagrįstą informaciją besiskiepijantiems. Slaugytojų funkcijų išplėtimas imunoprofilaktikos sri­tyje praplėtė jų žinias, susijusias su skiepų derinimu, ne­pageidaujamomis reakcijomis. Slaugytojų dalyvavimas imunoprofilaktikos procese neapsiriboja vien tik skiepi­jimo procedūra. Slaugytojai patys gali paskirti imuno­profilaktiką, pakviesti skiepytis, prisidėti prie mokslu pagrįstos informacijos apie skiepus sklaidos, nes yra pati­kimi atskirų bendruomenių partneriai. Tyrimai rodo, kad pacientai labai pasitiki medicinos personalo nuomone ir patarimais, paaiškinimu apie galimą šalutinį poveikį, kartais padeda apsispręsti dėl skiepijimo. Tyrimo tikslas − išanalizuoti slaugytojų vaidmenį imu­noprofilaktikos srityje. Nagrinėti penkių sveikatos įstaigų slaugytojų, turinčių skiepijimo patirties, veiksmai bei informacijos apie vak­cinaciją teikimas, skiepijimo vietos priežiūra. Nustatyta, kad 28,4 proc. (n=88) respondentų skiepija skirtingo amžiaus pacientus. 18,2 proc. slaugytojų buvo įtraukti į skiepijimus COVID-19 ligos pandemijos metu. Keturios sveikatos priežiūros įstaigos turi skiepų koordinatorius. 36,4 proc. respondentų prieš skiepijimą įvertina kon­traindikacijas, naudodami standartinį klausimyną, 13,6 proc. apklausia žodžiu. Penktadalis respondentų kon­traindikacijų vertinimą deleguoja gydytojui arba skie­pus koordinuojančiam sveikatos priežiūros darbuotojui. Dauguma respondentų išsamiai informuoja apie skiepo vietos priežiūros taktiką, daugiau nei pusė padeda paci­entui apsispręsti dėl vakcinacijos.

The external appearance, especially that of women, is very important and cellulite is an aesthetically unacceptable cosmetic defect (S. A. Abosabaa, 2020). Genetics, lifestyle, gender determines development of cellulite (N. Sadick, 2018). The aim. To evaluate the effect of thermal procedures on skin affected by cellulite. Methods. The analysis of 2010–2022 scientific literature in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, Archives of Dermatological Research, PubMed electronic database was performed. The keywords helped to achieve the goal: cellulite, thermal procedures, cosmetic products. Ten scientific sources containing keywords were examined. A non-standardized interview method was used to examine eating habits, medications used, age, effectiveness of cosmetic products and a standardized customer card. Results. Thermal procedures decreased the volume of the abdomen by 11 cm, that of the buttocks and thighs affected by cellulite by 9 cm. Conclusions. 1. Cellulite mainly affected the skin of buttocks, thighs, and abdominal areas, the damage was influenced by the age, hormonal imbalance, diet, and a lack of physical activity. 2. The effectiveness of a thermal effect was observed after five procedures. After coordinating procedures with participants, changing eating habits and passive physical activity to active, cellulite stages decreased from stage III to stage II. 3. After ten thermal procedures, the participant reduced areas of the body affected by cellulite, restored the moisture level and firmness of the skin, however, cellulite did not disappear completely.