Among these aforementioned types of light, blue and red light are particularly crucial for plant growth and fruit maturity. [2] Several traditional light sources for indoor plant cultivation, including incandescent lamps, high-pressure halogen lamps, and xenon lamps, have been employed; however, they have disadvantages such as high energy consumption, short work life, and spectral mismatch. [3] Therefore, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with benefits such as reduced energy consumption, long lifespan, spectral matching, and environmental friendliness have been developed to specifically facilitate indoor plant cultivation. In addition, novel films capable of transforming light for plant growth are being currently developed; these light-conversion films directly utilize sunlight and can be employed for large-scale outdoor cultivation. Epoxy resin films containing dispersed CaAlSiN 3 :Eu 2+ particles and polyethylene films containing dispersed Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu 2+ particles are typical examples of light-conversion films for sunlightdriven plant growth. [4] Phosphors appropriate for generating light for plant growth are primarily excited by Mn 4+ , Mn 2+ , and Eu 2+ . The emission spectrum of Mn 4+ is attributed to the transitions of 2 E(t 2 3 ) → 4 A 2 (t 2 3 ) (620-750 nm), [5] and the excitation spectrum is primarily attributable to the 4 A 2 → 4 T 1 (≈350 nm) and 4 A 2 → 4 T 2 (≈455 nm) transitions. [6] However, the parity-and spin-forbidden transitions during emission and the parityforbidden transition during excitation diminish the excitation and emission, which does not favor plant growth. [7] Typical red phosphors such as YAG:Mn 4+ , [8] Sr 4 Al 14 O 25 :Mn 4+ , [9] Ca 3 Al 4 ZnO 10 :Mn 4+ , [10] and SrMgAl 10 O 17 :Mn 4+[1d] have been developed to date. Mn 2+ exhibits an emission spectrum originating from the weak crystal field located at Dq/B ≈ 1, which corresponds to the 4 T 1 ( 4 G) → 6 A 1 ( 6 S) transition in the 490-750-nm range. [11b,12] However, the extremely weak absorption of Mn 2+ in the ultraviolet and visible range results in a particularly low luminescence intensity, thereby making it unsuitable for plantgrowth-related applications. Representative phosphors include Ca 2 Sr(PO 4

The auxiliary light equipment for plant growth requires phosphor-converted light-emitting-diodes (pc-LEDs) with high luminous efficiency and stable structure, and the properties of phosphors highly determine the performance of the...

Tin perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered promising candidates to promote lead‐free perovskite photovoltaics. However, their power conversion efficiency (PCE) is limited by the easy oxidation of Sn2+ and low quality of tin perovskite film. Herein, an ultra‐thin 1‐carboxymethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (ImAcCl) layer is used to modify the buried interface in tin PSCs, which can induce multifunctional improvements and remarkably enhance the PCE. The carboxylate group (CO) and the hydrogen bond donor (NH) in ImAcCl can interact with tin perovskites, thus significantly suppressing the oxidation of Sn2+ and reducing the trap density in perovskite films. The interfacial roughness is reduced, which contributes to a high‐quality tin perovskite film with increased crystallinity and compactness. In addition, the buried interface modification can modulate the crystal dimensionality, favoring the formation of large bulk‐like crystals instead of low‐dimensional ones in tin perovskite films. Therefore, the charge carrier transport is effectively promoted and the charge carrier recombination is suppressed. Eventually, tin PSCs show a remarkably enhanced PCE from 10.12% to 12.08%. This work highlights the importance of buried interface engineering and provides an effective way to realize efficient tin PSCs.