Three-dimensional modelling software tools enable the creation of a digital replica of the product—“Digital Twin”—a representative of “Virtual Reality” as one of the prominent trends of Industry 4.0. The development of the Digital Twin can start simultaneously with the development of the product, primarily for the purpose of selecting optimal technical and technological solutions prior to and during physical construction, and, ultimately, with the intention of managing the entire product life cycle. The Digital Twin, as one of the key technological achievements in the implementation of the business system transformation from traditional to smart, should also be recognized as the cornerstone of the “Shipyard 4.0” model, i.e., its “Cyber-Physical Space.” This paper is based on statistical and empirical data of the observed shipyard with the aim to represent the significance of the Digital Twin ship in preserving and improving the competitiveness of the shipbuilding industry. Namely, with the emphasis this article places on the contribution of “advanced outfitting” in achieving savings in the shipbuilding process as well as its role in attaining high standards of environmental protection and workplace safety, the importance of its further improvement is an obvious conclusion—with Digital Twin being one of the recognized tools for this purpose.

Market positioning, i.e., the competitiveness of European shipyards, depends a lot on the measures of continuously improving the business processes, therefore meeting the criteria of environmental protection and sustainable energy. Lean management enables ongoing improvements of all system processes by recognizing and removing the unnecessary costs of the same, i.e., those activities which do not contribute to the added value for the customer. In this paper, the authors research the magnitude of improvements in the shipbuilding sales process achieved by applying the Lean tool “Value Stream Mapping” (VSM). The example of analysing the informational stream of the studied European shipyard’s existing sales process, performed by implementing the VSM, has defined the measures to decrease the losses in the process, with an emphasis on waiting time in internal and external communication. Upon VSM of the future state, measuring improvements realised by applying key performance indicators began. Significant cost savings in the sales process and the simultaneous increase of productivity of the employees participating in those process activities have been noted, as well as the substantial growth in sales and the shipyard’s income.

Assembly lines are one of the cornerstones of modern production systems, significantly affecting the global society, economy, and other ancillary sectors. This is why the evaluation of assembly lines is particularly significant. Hence, the research on modeling approaches is presented in this paper, yielding an efficient mathematical tool that enables the evaluation of the steady-state performance of assembly lines at low CPU cost. First, the analytical model and the transition matrix were developed for the general case, and second, dimensionality issues and demanding computational requirements were tackled by applying the finite state method. Both approaches were employed in different theoretical cases in order to validate the finite state method against the analytical solution. Additionally, the developed evaluation framework was applied in the case of a realistic assembly system, and the obtained results were successfully validated against the factory floor measurements. The comparison of the obtained results proves the finite state method as a reliable and CPU-efficient method, suitable for the evaluation of its key performance indicators as well as implementation within more sophisticated design procedures. This kind of predictive analytics is intended to support production management and enhance the reliability of long- and short-term decision-making in the context of the digital twinning of production systems.