Abstract. The content and the specific process of communicative competence formation of the individuality are justified in the article; social determinants that determine the need to improve this process and harmonization with the needs of society and individuality are defined. The educational, psychological, philosophical sources are analysed, the main directions of research on definite problem are characterized. The essence of communicative competence as the educational phenomenon is found; the importance of communicative competence in today's conditions is proved. The attention is paid to the main principles and methods of communicative competence of the individuality.Keywords: communicative competence, personality, community, communication, interaction, determinants, globalization aspect, personal dimension. INTRODUCTIONPresent conditions include the rapid expansion of information and communication space, increase communication load in the society that requires the individual to find new ways of communication, expand own communication abilities, adapt to changing ways and means of communication and so on. All this requires considerable intellectual, mental, and spiritual efforts from human and adjustment of living space and define a new system of values on communication.Communicative competence is treated as a personal characteristic of a man, who determines its ability and willingness to establish and maintain diverse various contacts with others, and the optimal goal-setting communication, learn to achieve desirable results while optimally spending time and effort.XXI century is characterized by the fact that the educational community began to acquire the character, that is not a European scale, but world; rapidly approaches and methods of preparation and dissemination of information were changed; the new needs of the individual in its quantity and quality were defined, that make individuals adapt to circumstances and objective social development of their own intellectual and organizational abilities. In view of this formation and development of communicative competence of the individual the main aspect of personal development and a new conceptual benchmark in education are identified.
In the crisis conditions of challenges and restrictions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and the martial law in Ukraine, it is important to ensure stability and efficiency in the management of educational institutions. It is possible due to the condition of development of managerial competence of managers. We consider the managerial competence of educational institutions leaders is a personal phenomenon. It combines psychological, theoretical and practical readiness for managerial activities in the specific conditions of the institution's existence. For the development of managerial competence, appropriate conditions are important, as well as an actual profile, the structure of which includes: development orientation; emotional intelligence; cooperation; ability to create a safe environment; organizational capacity. As a result of the actualization of the crisis situation, the public demand for managers-leaders is increasing, hence the need to analyze, develop a theory and use leadership strategies by the heads of general secondary education institutions, since they are the basis of the manifestation of their managerial competence in crisis conditions. Our research was organized during 2018/2021 (n 112.) It showed a contradiction between the need for development and the lack of managerial competence and leadership strategies among managers in the field of education. In order to develop this property, a program of psychological and pedagogical support was developed and implemented. The results of the program's implementation confirmed its effectiveness and made it possible to conclude that the development of managerial competence can effectively take place within the limits of individual trajectories of professional growth of heads of institutions in the field of education.
Мета статті – проаналізувати перетворення системи освіти Буковини упродовж 1918–1923 рр., коли цей край був приєднаний до складу Королівства Румунії. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на загальнонаукових принципах (аналіз, синтез, індукція, дедукція), а також застосуванні спеціально-історичних методів (порівняльно-історичний тощо). Наукова новизна дослідження полягає у тому, щоб проаналізувати зміни освітньої царини на Буковини в перші повоєнні роки (1918–1923). Адже це був надзвичайно важливий період, коли румунська влада, приєднавши ці території до складу своєї держави, намагалася трансформувати освітню систему Буковини на свій лад. Висновок. Підбиваючи підсумки, зазначимо, що система освітніх закладів на Буковині у перші роки після Великої війни 1914–1918 рр. зазнала суттєвих змін. Румунська влада намагалася за допомогою заходів у царині освіти, з одного боку, адаптувати ці інститути до власних, які існували у Королівстві Румунія до початку Першої світової війни. З іншого, такими діями заручитися лояльністю та якомога швидше інтегрувати різні національні спільноти краю. Однак цими діями нова владна адміністрація лише спричиняла негативне ставлення цих етнічних громад як до таких кроків, так і до румунської влади загалом. Однак ці заходи представників румунської владної адміністрації слід оцінювати не лише з точки зору внутрішньополітичного життя Короліства Румунії, але й розглядати у ширшому центрально-східноєвропейському тогочасному контексті.
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