Abstract. Saudah, Zumaidar, Darusman, Fitmawati, Roslim DI, Ernilasari. 2022. Ethnobotanical knowledge of Etlingera elatior for medicinal and food uses among ethnic groups in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 4361-4370. The tribes in Aceh Province have been using Etlingera elatior for various medicinal purposes and as a spice in their culinary. Nonetheless, detailed information on the uses of E. elatior among communities in Aceh is lacking. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the ethnobotanical knowledge among local tribes in Aceh regarding the uses of E. elatior for food and medicine. This research was conducted on eight ethnic groups in Aceh Province (i.e., Acehnese, Gayo, Alas, Aneuk Jamee, Kluet, Tamiang, Singkil, and Simeulue). The data collection was carried out by using semi-structured interviews and field observation. A total of 240 respondents (135 male and 105 female) were selected purposively to obtain local knowledge on the uses, processing techniques and modes of application of E. elatior for medicinal and food purposes. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data to determine the level of knowledge and plant parts used, both measured in fidelity level (FL). The results showed that men, elderly people and farmers had more knowledge about the uses of E. elatior as medicine and food ingredients. Traditional medicines made from this herb were used to cure coughs, sprains, postpartum and earaches. Makjun sejuk, pareng, lampok and tapal were the concoction used in traditional medicine. Stem and fruit were the most commonly used plant parts for medicinal herbs, while pounding was the most common processing technique followed by squeezing and grinding either singly or in a mixture used by drinking and rubbing. The uses of E. elatior in food were found in several local dishes with the most common use in a curry called Pliék U. Flower buds and fruit was the most commonly used part in food ingredients. Despite the unique and high uses of E. elatior among tribes in Aceh, the gap in knowledge, especially between the older and younger generations, might impact the loss of local wisdom regarding the plant.

Abstract. Saudah, Zumaidar, Darusman, Firmawati, Rislim DI, Juliantari E. 2022. Molecular authentication of Etlingera spp. (Zingiberaceae) in Aceh Province, Indonesia using DNA barcoding. Biodiversitas 23: 3976-3983. Etlingera spp.or locally known as Etlingera spp.(Acehnese) already has strong basic evidence in the treatment of traditional tribes in Aceh such as cough medicine, fever and sprains, and used to food and spices. Etlingera spp. used in various places varies based on morphological characteristics. On the other hand, for the development of phytopharmaceutical, the use of Etlingera spp. as plant herb requires authentication about the names. This study aimed to authenticate Etlingera spp. from Aceh using DNA barcoding. Nuclear ITS and trnL-F DNA sequences were used to authenticate among species of Etlingera spp. In this study different species of Etlingera spp. can be differentiated effectively by comparing the DNA barcoding regions. ITS sequence data can identify two different species of Etlingera (E. elatior and E. hemisphaerica). The two identified Etlingera spp.species can be used as important information for further research related to their pharmacological studies. One marker and combined analysis of ITS and trnL-F data proved that the Etlingeraspp. is a monophyletic group and provided phylogenetic information in closely related species. The intraspecific and interspecific variation of ITS markers were more discriminatory regions, while trnL-F IGS were of lower divergences. Our findings indicated that DNA barcoding is efficient and powerful to authenticate herbal medicine Etlingera spp..