The study aims at finding out the effect of the Cloud Collaborative Reflective Strategy (CCRS) on English Pronunciation. It was an experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design, and the forty samples of which were randomly taken from the population of seventy-nine pre-service teachers in their teaching practice. The data from the pretests and posttests were taken by recording class opening sessions of the pre-service teachers in experimental and control groups, and then they were rated using a percentage of the correctly pronounced word toward total words pronounced. The t-test was used to analyze the effects of CCRS improvement. The strengthen the data, a questionnaire measuring their perception toward the strategy was distributed. The results from the paired sample t-test in the experimental group show that there was a significant difference in scores for pretest and posttest. From an independent t-test, it was found out that that there was a significant difference in scores of posttest in experimental and posttest in control. Students' perceptions toward this strategy, as seen from their response to the questionnaire, is supportive of the findings. They perceived the strategy as helpful toward their pronunciation improvement. This result suggests that CCSR affects the improvement of pre-service teachers' pronunciation.

Alstonia scholaris R.Br is one of forest plants that have medicinal properties used to treat various diseases. This study aimed to determine the activity of in vitro cytotoxicity of Alstonia scholaris bark against HeLa and Vero cells. Alstonia scholaris bark was macerated with 70% ethanol and fractionated using n-hexane and chloroform to obtain n-hexane, chloroform, and ethanol fraction. All three fractions were tested using MTT assay against HeLa (cervix cancer) and Vero (normal) cells. The results showed that chloroform fraction was the most toxic to HeLa cells with IC50 (125.06 μg/mL) and followed by ethanol fraction (200.07 μg/mL), and n-hexane fractions (238.47 μg mL) respectively. On the other hand, ethanol fraction was the least toxic to Vero cell growth with IC50 (579.93 μg/mL), followed by n-hexane fraction (459.47 μg/mL), and chloroform fraction was the most toxic (396.24 μg/mL). It was suggested that ethanol fraction was the best fraction because it had the least toxicity to a normal cell, but still had toxicity to HeLa cell.

Pulai (Alstonia scholaris R.Br) is one of leading vegetation for forest plantations. Besides being a timber forest product, it has high value on non-timber forest product such as animal feed, black board, chewing gum, and medicine. Utilization of pulai leaves as medicine such as for wounds, intestinal worms, malaria, hypertension, and heart disease had been reported, but research on pulai bark as antidiabetes is still limited. This study aimed to study phytochemical compound, toxicity, and in vitro inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme of pulai bark crude extrac as antidiabetes. Pulai bark extraction done by maceration method using 96% ethanol resulted in 4.39% yield. Phytochemical test contained flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and tannin. Pulai crude extract toxicity tested by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, resulted in LC50 value of 461 μg/mL indicated moderate toxicity. Testing of in vitro inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme resulted in IC50 value of 152.99 μg/mL. Based on the research, 96% of ethanol crude extract pulai bark had bioactivity, and flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins content appeared to have important role in inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme.

Choral speaking is generally defined as a learning strategy in the classroom by reciting a text by a group. This case study aims to investigate the effect of using choral speaking for building students' positive characters. It was conducted in a speaking class in the English Education Department at one of the universities in Indonesia. The data were collected through classroom observations, questionnaires, and face to face semistructured interviews with 50-second semester students who had experienced the choral speaking project in their speaking class. The results of this study indicated that the students had positive attitudes towards the use of choral speaking strategy in their speaking class. They claimed that the use of a choral speaking strategy could lead them to build better interpersonal and leadership skills since they had interacted most of the time inside and outside the classroom with one another starting from preparing for the script, practicing, recording, until performing the choral speaking show. Choral speaking is assumed to be effective for building the students' positive characters, mostly cooperation, responsibility, self-discipline, and respect

The use of Models of learning type of TPS in an attempt to Improve the results of study sociology subject matter forms the social Conflicts in students of Class XI SMA Negeri 2 Peusangan. This research aims to know the increase results study sociology subject matter forms social conflict by using a model of learning type TPS on grade Class XI SMA Negeri 2 Peusangan. The research method used is the class action Research (PTK) which consists of 3 cycles. The subject of his research is the grade XI with total students as much as 29 students and students. Data analysis using comparative descriptive analysis techniques by comparing the initial conditions with the results achieved at each cycle, and a descriptive analysis of qualitative observation results by comparing the results of observation and reflection on the pre-release cycle, cycle I and cycle II. The results showed that: the application of Learning by using learning type TPS can improve the results of the study subjects Sociology subject matter forms the social conflict in the students of Class XI SMA Negeri 2 Peusangan. At the end of the cycle I, students learn as much as ketuntasan reached 72.41% (21), and students who hadn't as much as 27.59% (8 children), whereas at the end of the cycle II, a total of 93.10% (27 children) and as much as 6.89% (2 children) have not yet reached the ketuntasan study. With the average value of the cycle class I 60 and the average cycle class II 75. As for the non observation of the test results of the learning process shows the changes students more active during the learning process takes place. Overall average grade achieved a rise of 39.28%, and overall student learning ketuntasan achieved an increase of 165.51% if compared to the initial conditions.   Abstrak Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Tipe TPS Dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Sosiologi Materi Pokok Bentuk-Bentuk Konflik Sosial Pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Peusangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar sosiologi materi pokok bentuk-bentuk konflik sosial dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran tipe TPS pada siswa Kelas Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Peusangan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri atas 3 siklus. Subjek penelitiannya adalah siswa kelas XI dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 29 orang siswa dan siswi. Analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif komparatif dengan membandingkan kondisi awal dengan hasil-hasil yang dicapai pada setiap siklus, dan analisis deskriptif kualitatif hasil observasi dengan membandingkan hasil observasi dan refleksi pada pra siklus, siklus I, dan siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: penerapan Pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran tipe TPS dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar mata pelajaran Sosiologi materi pokok bentuk-bentuk konflik sosial pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Peusangan. Pada akhir siklus I, siswa yang mencapai ketuntasan belajar sebanyak 72,41% (21 anak), dan siswa yang belum tuntas sebanyak 27,59% (8 anak), sedangkan pada akhir siklus II, sebanyak 93,10% (27 anak) dan sebanyak 6,89% (2 anak) belum mencapai ketuntasan belajar. Dengan nilai rata- rata kelas siklus I 60 dan rata-rata kelas siklus II 75. Adapun hasil non tes pengamatan proses belajar menunjukkan perubahan siswa lebih aktif selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Secara keseluruhan rata-rata kelas mencapai kenaikan sebesar 39,28%, dan ketuntasan belajar siswa secara keseluruhan mencapai peningkatan sebesar 165,51% jika dibandingkan dengan kondisi awal. Kata kunci: Model Pembelajaran Tipe TPS dan Hasil Belajar