ABSTRAKSalah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pakan atau menurunkan Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR) dan memperbaiki penampilan produksi ternak unggas antara lain dengan menambahkan berbagai imbuhan pakan seperti enzim dan antibiotik. Saat ini penggunaan antibiotik dalam ransum ternak telah dibatasi karena residunya memberikan efek samping terhadap konsumen, sehingga dicari feed additif lain yang aman seperti probiotik. Probiotik dapat merubah ekosistem mikroba pencernaan selain itu juga menghasilkan antibiotik alami, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan dan kinerja inang. Penggunaan probiotik sudah banyak diterapkan untuk ayam, namun pada ternak itik masih sedikit. Penelitian dan penggunaan probiotik sebagai pakan imbuhan masih perlu ditingkatkan agar diperoleh teknik produksi yang efisien dan praktis dan dapat diaplikasikan sehingga mampu memberikan dampak ekonomis terhadap industri peternakan. Probiotik memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap itik diantaranya meningkatkan kesehatan dan menurunkan rasio konversi ransum.Kata kunci : probiotik, itik, imbuhan, peternakan ABSTRACT One attempt to improve the efficiency of feed utilization or lower Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) and improve the performance of poultry production, among others by adding various feed additives like enzymes and antibiotics. Currently the use of antibiotics in animal feed

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keseimbangan energi dan protein dalam ransum yang disuplementasi dengan probiotik Bacillus amyloliquefaciens terhadap performa itik Pitalah. Pernelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 3 dengan 3 kelompok bobot badan sebagai ulangan. Faktor A adalah level energi yaitu : 2800, 2700, dan 2600 kkal/kg dan faktor B adalah level protein yaitu: 18, 17, dan 16%. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.01) antara level energi dan level protein terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi ransum. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan pemberian probitik Bacillus amyloliquefaciens dapat menurunkan kebutuhan energi ransum itik sebesar 3.57% dan menurunkan kebutuhan protein sebesar 5.56% dengan imbangan energi 2700 kkal dan protein 17% dalam ransum.Kata kunci: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, itik Pitalah, performa, probiotik, imbangan energi dan protein ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to determine the balance of energy and protein in the ration which is given probiotic of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the performance of Pitalah duck. This experiment was using a group-randomized design with a 3x3 factorial pattern with three groups of body weight as replications and two factors. Factor A is energy level (2800, 2700, and 2600 kcal/kg), Factor B is protein level (18, 17, and 16%

This study was aimed to observe the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculation and additives on quality and the characteristics of whole crop brown midrib sorghum. The experiment was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized factorial design with 4 replications. Factor A is A1 = without LAB, A2 = addition of BAL. Factor B consists of B1 = without additives, B2 = rice bran, B3 = corn. Parameters observed were the characteristics and quality of silage including pH, fleigh point (FP), dry matter content (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), crude fat (EE) and ash. Data were analyzed based on the analysis of variants according to the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that there was no interaction (P> 0.05) between the addition of LAB and additives to pH, FP, DM, CP, CF, EE and, ash while the single additive factor had a significantly different effect (P <0.05) of DM on whole crop BMR sorghum mutant silage. From this study it can be concluded that in general the addition of LAB inoculants and additives produced the same characteristics and quality of silage, however, the addition of rice bran and corn produced the higher levels of DM silage than without LAB and additives.

An experiment was performed to investigate the effects of sorghum and indigofera leaf flour as substitutes for corn in laying hen rations on egg quality, daily protein intake, phosphorus availability, and total colonies of Bacillus sp. in the small intestines of laying hens. A completely randomized study design was used in this research, with 4 treatments, and each treatment was repeated 5 times: A (0% sorghum + 0% indigofera); B (20% sorghum + 4% indigofera); C (30% sorghum + 5% indigofera); and D (40% sorghum + 6% indigofera). The phosphorus availability, daily protein intake, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg yolk color, egg yolk fat, egg yolk cholesterol, and total colony count of Bacillus sp. in the small intestines were measured. The results showed that the use of sorghum and indigofera leaf flour did not significantly (P>0.05) affect the daily protein intake, phosphorus availability, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg yolk color, egg yolk fat, and total colonies of Bacillus sp. in the small intestine. However, there was a highly significant (P<0.01) effect on egg yolk cholesterol. In conclusion, 40% sorghum and 6% indigofera leaf flour can be used instead of 100% corn in laying hens ration and can reduce egg yolk cholesterol up to 26.29%.

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