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New laser data on orthorhombic YAlO3:Er3+ crystals are obtained. Stimulated emission in the 4S3/2 →5I15/2 channel and cascase lasing of the sequential intermanifold 4S3/2 → 4I11/2 → 4I13/2 transitions are excited at ≈︁ 110 K with Xe‐flashlamp pumping. Intensity absorption and luminescence characteristics of Er3+ ions in the YAlO3 crystal are experimentally determined and quantitatively analyzed in terms of the known semiempirical method. The intensity spectroscopic parameters Ωt obtained (Ω2 = 0.95, Ω4 = 0.58, and Ω6 = 0.55 (in 10−20 cm2)) nicely describe band‐area intensities in the absorption spectrum of the YAlO3:Er3+ crystal in the spectral region below 30000 cm−1. A full set of reduced‐matrix elements for the Er3+ ions is calculated involving all 41 J‐manifolds of the 4f11 configuration lying in energy up to 97000 cm−1. Using these data, the earlier reported intensity parameter Ωt for the YAlO3:Er3+ crystal are revised and it is shown that involving highly excited levels of Er3+ ions into intensity spectroscopic analysis leads to an overestimation of the parameters Ωt because of the possible presence of some additional absorption sources in the YAlO3 host.