This article introduces lifestyle and temporality as subjective time that includes characteristics of all life activity processes. The research involved residents of the Kamchatka Territory in the Russian Far East. A regression analysis provided equations that revealed the common temporal specialties of time perspectives in conjunction with lifestyle. The parameter of the past in the time perspective structure lacked coordination and combined negative and positive characteristics. It reflected a certain predetermination in life path construction with a deficit of activity where the subjects would have to oppose themselves to the world and environment. The parameter of the present revealed hedonism and fatalism that blocked future life planning and a life predetermination forms (I cannot control my life). Hedonistic present and fatalistic present were essentially different. However, the equation analysis showed a common element in the lifestyle structure that connected hedonistic and fatalistic present and defined the vector of human life. In the present, respondents relied on their social contacts as a friendly resource, on compromise as a life strategy, and dependence of inner and outer parameters as an inevitability of the world. The Future appeared to be an unstable construct with predominating fatalism. The temporal specialties of lifestyle revealed inability to resist and oppose the world, which manifested itself in inflexibility and inability to change a preplanned set of action. Respondents organized their life space by following some instructions and relied on them to make their behavior rational and organize their life. Neurotic conflicts and lifestyle disharmony manifested themselves as polar and incompatible aspects of assessment and description.

The present research features project thinking in relation to the realities of the modern dynamic and non-predetermined world. The author specifies the need for a fundamentally new understanding of the essence of the processes that make up the substantial foundation of project thinking as the competence of a modern manager in the logic of project management. The paper describes various aspects of the application of project thinking in various, primarily humanitarian, areas of scientific knowledge. It introduces an attempt to specify the definition of project thinking with due account of the modern requirements for a company manager. The author describes the problems of studying project thinking in modern psychological science and points to the methodological inconsistency of the linear, eclectic conception of project thinking that does not take into account the system-synergetic features of this phenomenon. For instance, the inability of the old linear-eclectic model of project thinking to explain that a subject of project activity cannot create and effectively implement a project in an application area even if the subject of project activity has a high efficiency of separated components of project thinking. The paper gives an outline of the methodological abilities of the system approach and synergetic approach in relation to the study of project thinking, as well as delimited synergic and synergistic comprehension of complicated processes, including psychological processes in relation to project thinking. Finally, the author identifies the problems associated with the consideration of project thinking through the prism of the system and synergistic approaches and proposes some instrumental ways to overcome these difficulties.

Проблема и цель. В статье представлен обзор теоретических положений, позволяющих рассматривать системное взаимодействие личностных, социальных и темпоральных аспектов самоидентичности в условиях изменений жизненной ситуации. Цель статьивыявить и охарактеризовать основные тенденции трансформации ценностно-смысловой сферы личности, обусловливающей устойчивость/изменчивость Я-образов во времени в условиях кардинальных изменений жизнедеятельности, задать вектор и очертить контуры будущих исследований по проблеме. Методология. В качестве модельной группы, демонстрирующей этап самоосуществления в условиях кардинальной смены жизненной ситуации, выступали профессиональные моряки. Эмпирическая база представлена двумя замерами, проведенными последовательно в трех модусах: прошлое, настоящее, будущее на одной и той же выборке в обычных условиях жизнедеятельности и условиях длительного рейса. В качестве измерительного инструментария использовались тест ценностных ориентаций М. Рокича, семантический дифференциал времени, авторский методический прием использования техники репертуарных решеток. Результаты. Обозначены тенденции изменения иерархических позиций ценностей в различных временных модусахпрошлого, настоящего и будущего. Охарактеризована связность конкретных ценностных позиций в иерархии с соответствующим «временным Я». Определена степень интегративности системы ценностей с конструктом временной самоидентичности Я. В статье исследуются актуальные вопросы влияния факторов времени и среды на идентификационные процессы и выявляются особенности временной трансформации ценностных структур Мазуркевич Андрей Викторовичкандидат психологических наук, доцент кафедры теоретической и практической психологии, психолого-педагогический факультет, Камчатский государственный университет имени Витуса Беринга.