Аннотация: На основе анализа механизма процесса сушки жидких дис-персных продуктов на подложках (на примере сходных по теплофизическим по-казателям продуктов: мясокостной жидкости, послеспиртовой барды и жидкого пластификатора) показано различие кинетики процесса и механизма формирова-ния слоев высыхающего продукта в процессе сушки. Приведены характерные термограммы сушки исследуемых продуктов в сходных режимах. Представлен подход к решению задач теплопроводности (диффузии) в многослойных телах. Рассмотрен способ применения аналитических и численных решений задач пере-носа в телах с изменяющимися теплофизическими свойствами, границами и чис-лом слоев. Показана область применения подобных решений. Приведена схема формирования отдельных слоев высыхающего на подложке материала на примере сушки жидких дисперсных продуктов. Дана постановка и решение линейной задачи переноса в однослойной бесконечной пластине. Показан подход для ис-пользования полученных решений для задач с наличием миграционно-осадочных, структурно-деформационных и физико-химических явлений в процессе сушки. Представлены постановка и решение задачи переноса в однослойной бесконечной пластине с изменяющимися во времени теплофизическими свойствами и грани-цами слоя. ОбозначенияA -коэффициент;
The paper presents a description of the modified temperature-moisture relationships, selected on the basis of the analysis of the kinetics of drying of liquid dispersed products on substrates and the methods of engineering calculation of the kinetics of drying with their application. Classification of the types of kinetic curves characterizing the change in the type of thermogram, such as a change in the angle of inclination, deformation and degeneration of the wet-bulb thermometer and boiling plateaux, allows obtaining a modified type of temperature-moisture relationships for their use in calculations of the drying kinetics. The choice of the type of temperature-moisture relationship is carried out on the basis of the solution developed by the authors of the forecast model of the kinetic curve type. The engineering method for calculating the kinetics of drying liquid dispersed products on substrates is based on solving the basic equation of drying kinetics, choosing the type of temperature-moisture relationship, calculating the coordinates of the reference points of temperature-moisture relationship, determined on the basis of the drying mode and the properties of the dried material.
The paper presents an approach to modeling the surface of a liquid droplet lying on a solid substrate. Receiving the real shape of the droplet surface plays an important role in modeling the process of drying droplets of liquid dispersed systems on solid diffusion-impermeable substrates. This relates to the strong influence of the characteristics of the droplet surface on the values of the coefficients of heat and mass transfer and the value of the surface area of evaporation. A description of the experimental setup for determining the characteristic parameters of the droplet surface is presented. The formulation and solution to the problem of mathematical modeling of the shape of the droplet’s surface, depending on the wetting angle of the liquid-substrate system, surface tension and droplet parameters, are given. The incorrectness of the assumption about the shape of a droplet as an element of a sphere segment is shown. Some results of visualization of the surface of a droplet for various wettability conditions are presented.
To simulate the kinetics of drying liquid disperse products on substrates, the shape and geometrical dimensions of a drop of the material being dried are important. The paper considers the problem of determining the geometry of a drop of liquid lying on an inclined plane under various conditions of wettability. The results of the calculation of the geometry of a drop of water and a liquid industrial-distillery stillage deposited on a fluoroplastic substrate are given.
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