Актуальность. Доказано наличие клинико-патогенетической взаимосвязи между заболеваниями органов пищеварения и компонентами метаболического синдрома у взрослых. Цель -изучить морфофункциональное состояние верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта и степень обсемененности Helicobacter pylori у детей с метаболическим синдромом. Материал и методы. Обследованы 274 ребенка в возрасте от 9 до 16 лет: 1-ю группу составили 144 ребенка с метаболическим синдромом, 2-ю -80 пациентов с ожирением без метаболического синдрома, 3-ю -50 детей с нормальной массой тела, имеющие различные заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта. Обследование включало эзофагогастродуоденоскопию, забор биопсийного материала для морфологического и бактериологического исследования. Результаты. Жалобы на боли в эпигастральной или пилородуоденальной области дети из 1-й и 2-й групп предъявляли достоверно реже, чем в 3-й группе (15,2, 26,8 и 54% обследованных соответственно; р 1vs3 и p 2vs3 < 0,05). Функциональные и структурные изменения верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта имели 90,3, 86,3 и 96% детей, эзофагит -19,4, 17,5 и 12% соответственно. В 1-й и 2-й группах достоверно чаще, чем в 3-й, диагностировали гастрит (31,9, 37,5 и 14% соответственно, р 1vs3 и p 2vs3 < 0,05), при этом в 3-й группе чаще выявляли гастродуоденит (37,5, 42,5 и 78%) и язвенную болезнь двенадцатиперстной кишки (1,4, 2,5 и 8% соответственно).Гастрит с поражением антрального отдела отмечен у 55,5, 45 и 40%, эрозии желудка -у 5,6, 7,5 и 4%, дуоденит -у 44,4, 50 и 86%, эрозии луковицы -у 2,8, 1,3 и 2%, активные язвы -у 1,4, 2,5 и 8%, недостаточность кардии -у 33,3, 22,5 и 28%, дуоденогастральный рефлюкс -у 27,8, 26,3 и 24% больных 1-, 2-и 3-й групп соответственно. У большинства пациентов независимо от группы (83,3, 87,5 и 77,3%) в биоптатах слизистой оболочки желудка выявлялась картина активного хронического гастрита. Различная степень обсемененности Н. pylori установлена у 61,5, 58,3 и 46,2% детей 1-, 2-и 3-й групп соответственно. Заключение. Частота воспалительных изменений верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта во всех обследованных группах одинаковая (93-95%) и не зависит от массы тела. Моторно-эвакуаторные нарушения у детей с ожирением регистрируются чаще, чем у детей с нормальной массой тела, независимо от наличия метаболического синдрома. Для детей с метаболическим синдромом характерно наличие умеренно выраженного активного хронического гастрита, ассоциированного с Н. pylori, протекающего на фоне минимальной клинической симптоматики, с преобладанием очагового характера воспалительного процесса над распространенным.Ключевые слова: метаболический синдром, ожирение, желудочно-кишечный тракт, дети
Relevance. Obesity is one of the most pressing problems of modern Pediatrics.The purpose of the study: to study the morphofunctional state and features of the composition of the stomach microflora in obese children using and comparing various endoscopic methods of biomaterial sampling.Materials and methods. 164 children aged 7 to 17 years were examined. The main group — 85 obese people, the comparison group‑79 children with normal body weight and digestive diseases. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed, followed by pathomorphological, bacterioscopic, and microbiological examination of the biological material. In addition to sampling the biopsy of the antral part of the stomach with a sterile farcept, 40 patients were additionally taken from the wall biological material by obtaining a smear from the mucous membrane with the author’s endoscopic probe.Research result. The frequency of inflammatory changes IN the gastrointestinal tract was high in both groups and did not depend on body weight. In the main group, duodeno-gastric reflux (DGR) (32–38% и 9–11%, p<0.05) and cardia insufficiency (46–54% и 36–46%, p>0.05) were more often diagnosed. With an increase in the degree of obesity, the total number of refluxes increased — from 45–53% at grade I to 64–75% at grade IV, and DGR — from 12–14% to 49–58%, respectively. The most frequent localization of inflammatory changes in children of the main group was the antral (43–50%), less often — the stomach body (26–30%), while in the comparison group the body was more often affected (42–52%) and less often the antral (24–30%). In most children, regardless of the group (56–66% и 51–65%), chronic gastritis of moderate activity was registered. A high degree was significantly more often detected in the comparison group (14–16% and 24–30%, p<0.05), while a weak degree was detected in children of the main group (16–19% and 5–6%, p<0.05). In children of the main group, H. pylori (HP) was more often detected (45–53% и 25–32%, p <0.05), while 1 degree of contamination was more often determined (43–51% и 39–48%), while in the comparison group — 3 degree (15–18% и 24–30%). With increasing degree of obesity increased frequency of contamination from the antrum, HP — from 36–42% when I level up to 60–71% in IV degree of obesity. When using the application in HP+ children of the main group were more often sown opportunistic pathogens in a more diverse species composition and a more pronounced decrease in planting indigenous microflora, and regardless of HP significantly more prevalent growth of E. coli and Candida. In the presence of DGR, independently of the group, a significantly higher growth of fecal flora and a more pronounced decrease in the seeding of indigenous microflora was obtained.Conclusions.1. A high frequency of inflammatory and functional disorders in children, regardless of body weight, was established.2. Motor-evacuation disorders in children with obesity recorded often (63% and 43%). As the degree of obesity increases, their frequency increases. DGR in obese children is recorded significantly more often (38% and 11%, p<0.05).3. Children with obesity have a higher frequency of registering a low degree of activity of chronic gastritis, and children with normal body weight have a high frequency. The degree of activity of the inflammatory process does not depend on the degree of obesity and the duration of the disease.4. HP in obese children is detected 1.5 times more often than in children with normal body weight; the predominance of low (1 degree) contamination is characteristic. With an increase in the degree of obesity, the frequency of HP contamination increases (from 42% at grade I to 70% at grade IV obesity).5. HP-positive children show significantly higher growth of E. Faecium, S. viridans and Streptococcus faecalis and lower seeding of Lactobacterium and Bifidobacterium.6. DGR contributes to a more pronounced decrease in the growth of indigenous microflora, only Streptoco
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.