Introduction. The working population health is the basis of human capital, which is a factor in the country’s sustainable economic development. The conditions of occupational activity rank first in the structure of health factors of a working person. Materials and methods. The working conditions and the structure of the newly identified occupational morbidity at a metallurgical enterprise located in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan are analyzed based on statistical reporting documents on newly established occupational diseases for the period 2011-2019 and the hygienic characteristics of labour assessment presented by Rospotrebnadzor specialists with suspicion of an occupational aetiology of the diseases. Results. Over the past number of years, workers in manufacturing industries of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) have been diagnosed annually from 2.16 to 6.76 cases of occupational diseases per 10 thousand workers, which makes it possible to attribute these industries to a high level of occupational risk. Over the past decade, 117 cases (11 to 26 cases per year) of occupational diseases were detected at the enterprise for the first time. In the structure of nosological forms, musculoskeletal system diseases and connective tissue rank first. Limitations of the study. The limitation of this study is the lack of complete information about working conditions in the presented sanitary and hygienic characteristics. In recent years, there has been a decrease in registered occupational morbidity against the background of minor changes in working conditions. The identification of occupational diseases is often associated with the level of competence of employees of medical institutions who examine the relationship of the disease with the occupation and certain attitudes of the employee and employer. Conclusion. The working conditions of metallurgical workers are characterized by the impact of a complex of occupational factors, the leading of which is the intensity of the work process. The working conditions of this process are considered to be harmful Class 3 (3.3). Between 2011 and 2019, the link between the disease and occupational activity was established in 117 cases, mainly in workers (wire drawers, wire winders, repairmen, metal sorters) experiencing significant physical dynamic loads.

Introduction. The scientists all over the world studied the problem of death in the workplace for two decades. Sudden cardiac death occupies a leading place in the structure of workplace death from a common disease (83-90% of cases). The urgency of this problem dictates the need for research to study the main factors and causes of death in the workplace from a common disease, followed by the development of a comprehensive program to prevent them. The study aims to learn the circumstances and causes of sudden death in the workplace due to a common disease and substantiate the program for its prevention. Materials and methods. The researchers conducted an analysis of investigation materials of fatal accidents in the workplace for 2018-2020 at enterprises and organizations of the Republic of Bashkortostan, recognized during the investigation as unrelated to production and occurred as a result of a common disease. We studied in detail the specific circumstances and causes of death. Scientists analyzed the number of deaths in the workplace from common diseases both in absolute and relative units (per 1000 employees), in the context of economic activities, taking into account the organizational and legal forms of enterprises and organizations. Results. 165 employees died from common diseases in the workplace during the analyzed period. We observed the greatest proportion of workplace deaths from a common disease at enterprises and organizations of the following types of economic activity: manufacturing - 22.9%, transportation and storage - 17.4%, provision of electric energy, gas and steam, water supply, sanitation - 10.3%. The main causes of sudden death in the workplace from common diseases, according to the forensic examination, were diseases of the circulatory system (97.1%), which were more often registered in men (97.4%) aged 56-60 years. Conclusion: The lack of complete and reliable information about the causes and risk factors of death in the workplace from common diseases in various sectors of the economy, as well as the need to develop a prevention program to minimize the likelihood of its development, served as the basis for this study.

The article presents the results of an epidemiological study of the prevalence and intensity of inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD) in the northern and southern parts of Ufa, as well as the need for complex periodontal treatment. The number of visits by primary persons for periodontal care in the NW is 2.1 times less than in the SW. The rank values of common risk factors for the development of IPD have been identified. When assessing the KPI index, the risk to this pathology and its difference in different parts of Ufa, taking into account the nosological form and gender, were identified. With acute gingivitis, men living in NW and SW were statistically equally treated to a periodontist, while women living in NW were 1.8 times more. With acute periodontitis in the NW, men visit a periodontist 1.9 times more than in the SW, and women, on the contrary, in the SW are 1.2 times more likely to visit than in the NW. With chronic forms of IPD, the differences in treatment among men and women were not statistically significant and did not depend on the area of residence.

Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет, УфаВ статье рассматриваются и подтверждаются надежность и валидность анализа субъективной точки зрения о состоянии собственного здоровья самих работников, занятых на подземных работах, с помощью известного «опросника SF-36». Метод разработан для оценки качества жизни человека. Российская версия опросника обладает надежными психометрическими свойствами и рядом известных авторов признается приемлемой для проведения популяционных исследований по анализу качества жизни в России, в том числе и в когортах работающего населения. В исследовании обнаружено поступательное снижение показателей качества собственной жизни респондентов, достигающее минимума к 35 годам непрерывного стажа. Обратный процесс (что не очень логично) наблюдается в группе рабочих возраста 55,9 ± 2,5 года со стажем свыше 36 лет. В оценке основных показателей качества жизни после этого возраста физические и психологические интегральные индексы здоровья респондентов оптимизируются и превалируют в группах со стажем до 20 лет и более. В целом, динамика искомых оценок качества собственной жизни в возрастных группах опрошенных лиц определена комплексом реальных процессов социального и экономического статуса индивидуума на разных этапах его трудоспособной жизни.

The work presents data analysis of the results of special assessment of working conditions for workers of various branches of economy in the Bashkortostan Republic. Results of special assessment of working conditions (SAWC) and medical examinations were used for the analysis. It is noted, that some professional groups, for example, persons performing their work in the sphere of agriculture, have no exposure to the biological factor. Construction workers were not exposed to industrial vibration, while the noise level for half of the analyzed cases was of class 2.0, although in most cases, industrial noise and vibration have single source. Proportion of facilities that revealed a discrepancy between levels of harmful industrial factors and requirements of sanitary legislation remains high. The greatest share of objects does not correspond to sanitary and epidemiological requirements according to the chemical and physical factor. At the moment, SAWC does not fully reflect the working conditions of employees in different sectors of production. Underestimation of its influence on working conditions of workers is typical for a considerable number of professional groups and individual jobs. Analysis on the basis of SAWC is not sufficient for a hygienic assessment of the impact of production environment factors and labour process on health and requires comprehensive assessment methods.