The spread of disinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic is largely associated with social media and online messengers. Viral disinformation disseminated in 2020–2021 was related to a wide range of topics that caused panic among people. Many false narratives emerged and attracted public interest over time, which mainly reflected the general public’s utmost belief in these topics. Text mining can be used to analyze the frequencies of keywords and topic-related vocabulary in order to track the changing focus of the public concerning online disinformation. In this paper, we present the results of a corpus-based study of Russian viral fake stories circulating during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. We propose a method for analyzing the central topics and dynamics of topical change in the context of the Russian COVID-19-fake story. In order to accomplish this objective, we make use of a set of tools to extract keywords, count their frequencies and analyze corresponding contexts. We apply these tools to the compiled specialized diachronic corpus of Russian viral false COVID-19-related stories. The obtained data is evaluated to determine the dynamic of topical shifts by tracking the changes in keyword frequencies as well as the use of other high-frequency corpus words. The findings of the work concerning topical fluctuations in the Russian viral COVID-19 disinformation agenda as well as given explanations for the identified drifts in public interest in the topics during the first year of the pandemic can contribute to developing effective strategies for combating the spread of fakes in the future.

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Введение. Формирование профессиональной идентичности будущего профессионала является одной из наиболее актуальных тематик целого комплекса гуманитарных исследований. Тем не менее на сегодняшний день имеется ограниченное количество работ, непосредственно дающих теоретически обоснованные практические рекомендации относительно особенностей формирования профессиональной идентичности. Отмечается, что данный процесс должен сопровождаться серьезными лингвоаксиологическими исследованиями, в особенности, если речь идет о формировании иноязычной профессиональной идентичности преподавателя иностранных языков и культур. Цель работы заключается в выстраивании аксиологической концептосферы современного педагогического дискурсивного пространства и выявлении корреляционной зависимости лингвоаксиологического манипулирования и процесса формирования иноязычной профессиональной идентичности будущего преподавателя. Основными задачами исследования является формирование корпуса текстов исследования, проведение лингвопрагматического и контент-анализа отобранных текстов, выявление дискурсивных и аксиологических компонентов фрагментов педагогического дискурса для адекватного построения аксиосферы дискурса, определение уровня оказания манипулятивного (суггестивного) воздействия на адресата посредством актуализации выявленных элементов аксиосферы исследуемого дискурсивного пространства, обобщение полученных данных и определение особенностей самоидентификации личности преподавателя при восприятии им ценностно нагруженных текстов через соответствующее суггестивное воздействие.Материал и методы. Материалом исследования послужили 15 письменных текстов педагогического дискурса, составленные профессионалами для преподавателей английского языка и принадлежащие к конкретной структурной части книги – «Introduction» («Введение»). Используется комплексный метод анализа данных, совмещающий в себе метод дискурс-анализа, метод концептуального анализа, метод прагмалингвистического анализа, а также метод количественной обработки полученных данных.Результаты и обсуждение. В связи с многоаспектным характером исследования приводится развернутый литературный обзор, включающий в себя анализ тем профессиональной идентичности преподавателя, лингвоаксиологического фактора формирования идентичности и лингвистической содержательности продуктивного речевого манипулирования. Проведенное комплексное прагма-аксиологическое исследование выявило пять базовых аксиологических концептов, формирующих аксиологическую концептосферу исследуемого педагогического дискурса: DEVELOPMENT, ENJOYMENT, NOVELTY, EFFECTIVENESS, READINESS, вербализация каждого из которых представляет собой способ продуктивного манипулирования сознанием потенциального адресата. Манипулирование осуществляется за счет определенного функционального диапазона лексических единиц-вербализаторов данных концептов. Полученные результаты позволяют выстроить аксиологическую концептосферу рассматриваемого педагогического дискурсивного пространства, а также выявить корреляционную зависимость функционального диапазона прагма-аксиологически заряженных лексических единиц-вербализаторов с оказываемым на потенциального адресата манипулятивным воздействием. Заключение. Также для дальнейшего исследования представленной тематики выдвигается гипотеза культурного манипулирования, согласно которой имеющиеся в англосаксонской традиции ценностно-оценочные педагогические ориентиры детерминируют модель поведения педагогов, принадлежащих к другим культурноэтническим субстратам, но обучающихся по их методике. Introduction. Professional identity formation of the future specialist is one of the most relevant topics of the whole range of humanitarian studies. However, to date, there is a limited number of works that directly provide theoretically sound practical recommendations on the features of shaping professional identity. We believe that this process should be accompanied by serious linguistic studies, especially when it comes to the formation of a foreign-language professional identity of a teacher of foreign languages and cultures.Aim and objectives. The purpose of the work is to build the axiological conceptual sphere of the modern pedagogical discursive space and, subsequently, to identify the correlation dependence of linguistic-axiological manipulation and the process of forming the foreign-language professional identity of the future teacher. The main tasks of the study are forming the texts corpus; carrying out of pragmatic and content analysis of selected texts; identifying discursive and axiological components of fragments of pedagogical discourse to adequately construct the axiological sphere of discourse; determining the level of manipulative impact on the addressee by updating the identified elements of the axiological sphere of the studied discursive space; synthesizing the obtained data and determining the features of selfidentification of the teacher’s personality when they perceive value-loaded texts through the corresponding suggestive effect.Material and methods. The study was based on 15 written texts of pedagogical discourse compiled by professionals for English teachers and belonging to a specific structural part of the book – “Introduction”. A comprehensive method of data analysis is used, combining the method of discourse analysis, the method of conceptual analysis, the method of pragmalinguistic analysis, as well as the method of quantitative processing of the obtained data.Results and discussion. In connection with the multidimensional nature of the study, a detailed literary review is given, including the analysis of the topics of the teacher’s professional identity, the linguistic-axiological factor of the identity formation and the linguistic content of productive speech manipulation.A comprehensive pragma-axiological study revealed 5 basic axiological concepts that form the axiological conceptual sphere of the educational discourse under study: DEVELOPMENT, ENJOYMENT, NOVELTY, EFFECTIVENESS, READINESS, verbalization of each of which is a way of productive manipulation of the potential addressee’s consciousness. Manipulation is carried out at the expense of a certain functional range of lexical units-verbalizers of these concepts. The obtained results make it possible to build the axiological conceptual sphere of the considered pedagogical discursive space, as well as to identify the correlation dependence of the functional range of pragma-axiologically charged lexical units-verbalizers with manipulative effect on a potential addressee. Conclusion. Also, for further study of the presented topics, the hypothesis of cultural manipulation is put forward, according to which the axiological pedagogical guidelines available in the Anglo-Saxon tradition determine the model of behavior of teachers belonging to other cultural and ethnic substrates, but studying according to their methodology.

The paper presents the most common patterns of representation of subject and object relations in the definitions of terms, and identifies the ways of implementing subject relations between elements of scientific knowledge in active and passive structures that are part of the structure of applied models of organization of scientific knowledge. In addition, the article raises the question of the potential of various grammatical structures in the context of the transfer of subject and object relations. The results of the study show that system relation S can be represented by lexical and grammatical means. The lexical verbalizes of this relation are the key words of blocks of subject relations, and among the grammatical language means it is possible to distinguish the category of case.

The article deals with the study of male and female speech behavior of British parliamentarians in the discussion of Brexit problems by various mass media. It is emphasized that the need to study the gender specifics of the speech behavior of women and men politicians commenting on Brexit in order to attract public attention is due to the extreme importance of media discourse. It determines the “agenda” of both an individual and various social institutions of modern society, on the one hand, and growing research interest in gender discourse studies, on the other. It is shown that institutionalization and ritualization form the basis of the gender manifestation of each individual’s belonging to a particular gender, and the generation and use of discourse cannot be studied outside the gender factor. The novelty and purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the complex linguistic gender specificity of the speech behavior of British politicians in political media discourse. The results of the analysis of the morphological, semantic and stylistic specifics of the speech behavior of British parliamentarians, when discussing Brexit in political media discourse in accordance with the gender of politicians are presented. The influence of social and psychological factors on the choice of pragmacommunicative design of the discursive space of the addressee, as well as the correlation of gender, pragmalinguistic tools and the effect of communicative dominance, have been proved.