The necessity of studying the Moon as an important source of nuclear fuel for nuclear power plants is considered. The work takes into account the geomorphological conditions of the celestial body and the basic biological needs of man. Of particular interest is the problem of fruit and vegetable production on the lunar base. This is necessary to provide the inhabitants of the lunar base with vitamins. In addition, plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen and create an additional comfortable psychological environment. Experiments carried out in space have confirmed the possibility of growing fruit on the International Space Station (the harvest was more than 15 kg of tomatoes and 6 kg of red pepper). Taking into account the experimental results on growing vegetables on the International Space Station, a simulation of the structure of the lunar base was carried out. The strength and resistance of the structure to various influences have been calculated. Areas for planting agricultural crops have been determined, a possible harvest has been determined and the improvement of conditions for human habitation at the lunar base has been substantiated.

It is well known that the production of green feed is very important for the cultivation of farm animals. Green food actually plays a major role in feeding dairy animals. This type of feed provides essential nutrients for milk production as well as the health of dairy animals. Recently, more and more questions arise to the ecology of feed, the soils on which they grow. In Russia, the flagship of scientific research in this matter is the V. R. all-Russian Williams feed production research Institute (WFRI). Forage production, as a scientific discipline, is focused on the study of forage agro ecosystems. The article describes the new results of the Institute in the cultivation of environmentally friendly forage crops and seed propagation, production of field feed and pasture management. Results of research of ecological technologies for preservation and use of forages, technologies of grain-fodder production and utilization are resulted.

Recently, interest has grown in plasma-activated media (PAM) and, in particular, plasma-activated water (PAW) in connection with their extensive applications in medicine, pharmacology, agriculture and the food industry. In this paper, we studied the processes of production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in distilled water under the influence of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) generated by a source, based on the use of a piezotrans former. The first results obtained in the study of the UV absorbance spectra in distilled water treated with a direct piezo-discharge showed not only the dependence of the RONS production on the exposure time, but also the long lifetime of these RONS in the treated liquid.

The using laser ablation of massive selenium targets, aqueous colloids of selenium nanoparticles were obtained. The resulting nanoparticles are monodisperse in size and mass. The paper presents the optical properties of nanoparticles, morphology and composition. It has been shown that selenium nanoparticles do not significantly affect the development of plants under reference conditions, but effectively level the effects of hyperthermia. The most effective concentration of selenium nanoparticles in the soil is a concentration of 10 μg / kg.

Nettle is most often studied as a spinning plant, as a source of biochemicals and environmentally safe fungicides. Major studies are mostly conducted on natural samples and plant populations. Prospects for the use of plant biological resources of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica L.) from the Cretaceous south of the Central Russian Upland to create cultivars for a wide range of applications are considered. The aim of the study is to investigate the productivity of fresh weight and its biochemical composition in the variety of stinging nettle Avicenna, created on the basis of the initial material selected in the Belgorod region of Russia and patented in 2019, and new promising cultivars UD 32/06 and UD 12/16. The experiments were carried out by the split plot method with full randomization in four replicates. The cultivars UD 32/06 and UD 12/16 reliably surpass the Avicenna cultivar in the collection of fresh mass weight by 16.6–22.7% and 23.1 to 27.8%, dry weight by 11.4–28.7% and 1.9–32.7%, and seeds by 19.7–32.0% and 23.2–40.0% accordingly. Analysis of variance showed a significant effect of the factor “Cultivar” on the productive traits “Fresh weight yield” (strength influence 87.2%), “Dry weight yield” (strength influence 43.9%), and “Seed yield” (h2x = 61.6%). The content of crude protein in dry weight of the Avicenna and new varieties is 21.1–24.2%, crude fat: 2.5–4.2%, fiber: 12.0–14.8%. High content of ascorbic acid, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc were observed in all material tested. It is concluded that the biological resources of the wild-growing forms of Urtica dioica L. from the European south of Russia are a valuable source material for obtaining varieties, and varieties with high productivity of the aboveground mass and stable seed productivity. The obtained research results prove the usefulness of nettle cultivation.