The aim: Development of practical recommendations to further improve students' adaptation to a multicultural university environment as a factor in ensuring their health. Materials and methods: The publication is based on the results of a comprehensive multi-purpose randomized epidemiological study using a standardized questionnaire. Questionnaire results (n = 355) were tested for paired correlations of all considered factors. Results: 93,8 % of respondents positively assessed their overall health with a mode of 3 (satisfactory health). In general, students' health was not particularly sensitive to the effects of temporal and natural factors. Recommendations have been developed to improve students' adaptation to the university's multinational environment, including by preventing stressful situations. It is important that students are sufficiently informed, financially secure, and mentally prepared for student life. Conclusions: The key to safeguarding students' health is developing their skills in adapting to a multinational university environment.

В работе дано понятие о качестве жизни, подробно описаны методология изучения и терминологические особенности качества жизни, представлены отличительные особенности качества жизни от социального функционирования. Важное место в статье занимает история формирования данного направления в медицине и структурные составляющие качества жизни. Приведены основные, общие и специфические методики его изучения и определено значение для практического здравоохранения. Это дало возможность рассмотреть проблему и оценку качества жизни у населения с медико-социальной точки зрения.

Introduction: Organizational changes in the context of the transformation of the health system in Ukraine are based on deep and consistent structural and functional transformations and directed to the providing of specialized care of appropriate quality and efficiency, which are the main target function and a prominent criterion for the functioning of the national health system. The aim: Theoretical substantiation of the ways of increasing the efficiency of specialized medical aid in patients with lung cancer. Materials and methods: Accounting medical records were the main source for the investigation, along with that the results of sociological researches in oncological patients with lung cancer and the results of expert estimation of the ways of increasing the efficiency of specialized aid for such kind of patients. Some methods were also used, such as system approach and analysis, sociological method, methods of conceptual modeling and expert values. Results: An increase of integral efficiency of a specialized medical aid for cancer patients in Ukraine could be reached by expected medical one (introduction of preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic technologies); social one (healthy way of life; satisfaction by the quality and availability as primary as specialized medical aid) and economic efficiency (reduction of economic losses because of disability; shortening of inpatient medical aid financing because of less number of patients with neglected stages of the disease). All of that is grounded on the development and introduction of organizational medical technologies, directed on the early detection of lung cancer and provides justification and development of an optimized model for the early detection of this disease. Conclusions: The disadvantages and lack of efficiency of the existing system of specialized cancer care in Ukraine have identified the necessity of a systematic and integrated solution of the problem of early detection of lung cancer based on the optimization of its model, based on the principles of systemicity and complexity, the use of modern science and practice achievements in the management and organization of specialized medical care, application between sector interaction and improvement of its information and communication and organizational-economic components.