Purpose: to develop a methodology for improving the technical preparedness of athletes during the transition to pankration from another sport. Materials and methods. The following generally accepted methods were used in the work: analysis of scientific and methodological literature and Internet sources, surveys of qualified specialists - trainers in pankration. Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and Internet sources, it was found that pankration includes the technique of various types of martial arts (boxing, kickboxing, Thai boxing, freestyle wrestling, sambo, judo), equally combining wrestling and percussion techniques. Today in our country there is a low level of scientific and methodological support of the training process for modern pankration, while the growing popularity of this sport requires further improvement of methods of training. At the same time, today, as a rule, qualified and highly qualified athletes in pankration are formed from athletes who have moved from another type of martial arts and had different levels of training. With the help of a survey of qualified specialists - coaches, the aspects of the preparation of athletes of other sports during the transition to pankration were revealed. The main features in the preparation of athletes of other sports during the transition to pankration are highlighted: the implementation of protective actions to other sports; performing attacking actions, which allows you to get an early victory in a duel; performing counterattacking actions while performing attacking actions in other sports. Conclusions. Pankration includes techniques of various types of combat sports (boxing, kickboxing, Thai boxing, freestyle wrestling, sambo, judo), equally combining wrestling and impact sports techniques. The developed methods provided for the implementation of exercises of various technical orientation (impact sports and wrestling) in two blocks of exercises. The main means of our methodology for athletes with basic sports, wrestling, were: stances, movements, strikes, running exercises, flexibility exercises and breathing exercises. For athletes whose basic sport was shock, the following exercises were proposed: wrestling stance, movements, throws, sweeps, holds, wrestling in the clinch, wrestling on the ground, passes to the legs, painful holds, suffocation. Keywords: pankration, methods, technique, improvement, various types of martial arts

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The carbon dioxide of the body is the most important natural regulator of respiration, blood circulation, metabolism, electrolyte balance, nervous system excitability, smooth muscle tonus. Carboxytherapy is based on the use of carbon dioxide. It is an effective and safe method of many diseases’ treatment due to its rich pharmacodynamics. Inhalation of CO2 is used in resuscitation and anesthesiology practice. Another area of CO2 application in surgery is intra‑abdominal insufflation for all endoscopic laparoscopic procedures. Carbon dioxide is quickly absorbed by the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, which causes an increased interest in its use as an insufflation agent for all endoscopic procedures. In addition, CO2 has antispasmodic, analgesic, anti‑inflammatory and antiseptic effects, which is important for these diagnostic measures. CO2 insufflation during a colonoscopy causes less post‑procedure pain and distension of the intestine without significant changes in pCO2 compared to air one. An additional mechanism for pain reducing after the CO2 procedure may be the vasodilating effect of CO2 and its spasmolytic action on the wall in the enlarged part of the colon. For the past 50 years, CO2 has been used in cardiothoracic surgery to remove air from the surgical area, which reduces the air embolism probabily during heart surgery. Recently, heated and hydrated CO2 insufflation is used as a method to reduce the infections rate at the surgery site in an open wound. A carbon dioxide laser has physical, biological and surgical properties valuable for the surgeon. Carbon dioxide is also used as an alternative diagnostic contrast agent. Therefore, CO2 due to its antibacterial, antihypoxic, antispasmodic, analgesic, anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant properties and the side effects absence is an important component of therapeutic and diagnostic procedures in surgery, anesthesiology, gynecology, dermatology and other fields of medicine.

Приведены результаты хирургического лечения 218 больных по поводу рака пищевода (РП) и кардиального отдела желудка (РКОЖ). Рассмотрены вопросы лимфодиссекции D2 без спленэктомии. Предложен новый вариант наложения пищеводно–желудочного анастомоза. Проанализированы послеоперационные осложнения, частота которых составила 34,9%, преимущественно с поражением сердечно–сосудистой системы (15,1%). После операции умерли 4 (1,8%) больных.

Рак щитовидной железы – самое распространенное злокачественное новообразование эндокринной системы, охватывающее различные образования с различными гистологическими особенностями и клиникой. Диагностика, терапевтический подход и наблюдение за раком щитов