The development of innovation activities is of great importance on the path to achieving the goals of sustainable development. Success on this path is closely related to the presence of comparable information on the development of innovation activities at the regional level. The aim of the paper is to assess the development of innovation activities in the regions of Ukraine and identify differences in results. The study is performed using relative indicators for the assessment of the development of innovation activities in the regions of Ukraine. The indicators were averaged and normalized. To analyze how innovation activities change over time, the dynamic indices based on the geometric mean of the growth rate of the relative indicators were used. The obtained results have significant differences in the regions being assessed. Most regions have a heterogeneous development of innovation activities. At the same time, they are at the top and bottom of the rankings of the regions in different indicators of the development of innovation activities. Only Cherkasy and Zaporizhzhia oblasts are at the top of the rankings in at least 75% of indicators. However, in 2017‒2019, all indicators improved in at least 29% of regions. In addition, 75% of indicators improved in at least 54% of regions. Therefore, over time, most regions progressed in the development of innovation activities. Management decisions for the development of innovation activities should be complex for all regions and implemented primarily in the regions where there is no improvement over time. AcknowledgmentsThe paper is prepared within the scientific research project “Sustainable development and resource security: from disruptive technologies to digital transformation of Ukrainian economy” (No. 0121U100470).

This paper is devoted to the study of the impact of the management of natural energy resources on sustainable development and green growth. The object of the study is the process of management of natural energy resources. An indicator of adjusted net savings was used to estimate sustainable development. The performed comparative analysis of the adjusted net savings without subtraction and subtraction of the costs of extracting energy natural resources as a result of the synthesis shows a significant difference. It is on average for 2012-2016 is 4% of gross national income for the whole world. When subtracting production costs, the adjusted net savings will be much smaller and this fact must be taken into account. In order to simultaneously take into account the economic situation of the country, the depletion of energy resources, their consumption, and the consequence of consumption, relevant indicators are proposed, as well as a special index for estimating the changes over time. The results of the study show that most countries in the European Union have positive adjusted energy and carbon efficiency, since they are higher than global measures. In addition, the relationship between carbon efficiency and energy efficiency in these countries is still very close. The analysis of changes in time as a result of synthesis also showed positive results, according to which the adjusted energy efficiency in most countries of the European Union is growing. According to the high growth rates of this indicator, some countries have a good opportunity to make significant progress in green growth, although this may require expensive investments.

The paper considers the influence of economic development factors on the state of the environment. The subject of the research is the processes of improving the sustainable development (SD). A theoretical model for analysis of environmental and economic development was worked out based on the existing methods and a more comprehensive presentation of information on the parameters of SD. Possibilities of achieving the Environmental Kuznets Curve as the conditions for the SD improvement are determined. A minimum condition to guarantee the nonavailability of deterioration in the SD was determined to overcome the point of maximum pollution. This point describes emissions of pollutants, taking into account the accumulation effect of the pollution, which can be observed from the moment of exceeding of the assimilation potential of the environment. Proposed approaches were applied to the development analysis relative to the environmental component, the case of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Ukraine. Accordingly, Ukraine has a predominantly positive trend towards the SD relative to the environmental component. This trend is partly supported by predominant decrease in specific CO2 emissions per unit of output in the economy. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in the concentration of Ukraine's CO2 emissions in the atmosphere, despite the fact that the overall level of emissions has decreased. Therefore, overcoming the tendency of increase in the concentration of pollution requires a significant increase in the environmental effects of economic activities and the coordination of actions on the international level.

Цель статьи-анализ влияния эффектов экономического развития на окружающую среду, разработка комплексной модели эколого-экономического развития, основанной на обобщении уже изученных подходов и более широком представлении информации о параметрах устойчивого развития. Определены пути достижения Экологической кривой Кузнеца как условия устойчивого развития. Установлено, что достаточным условием обеспечения отсутствия ухудшения устойчивого развития является переход через точку максимального уровня загрязнения окружающей среды. Эта точка описывает выбросы загрязнений, учитывая эффект накопления загрязнения среды, который проявляется после превышения ассимиляционных возможностей природы. При этом во время экономического подъема влияние убытков от эмиссии диоксида углерода не так заметны, как во времена спадов. Поэтому преодоление постоянного увеличения концентрации загрязнения требует повышения экологической эффективности экономики и согласования действий между странами в долгосрочной перспективе. Ключевые слова: эколого-экономическое состояние, Экологическая кривая Кузнеца (ЭКК), парниковые газы, загрязнение, диоксид углерода (СО2), экономический рост, эколого-экономический ущерб. THEORETICAL MODELS OF ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The article deals with the currently important problem of the influence of the effects of economic development on the environment. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of these effects, to develop an integrated model of ecological and economic development, which is based on the generalization of the already studied approaches and a broader presentation of information on the parameters of sustainable development. The object of research is the processes that help to achieve sustainable development. For the methodological support of the research, the created theoretical model of the analysis of ecological and economic development was used. The model allows determining the possibilities of achieving the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). In order to take into account the processes of accumulation and absorption of various greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, an approach to estimation the accumulated amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere was proposed in the form of an integrated model. This model takes into account oceanic and biospheric absorption of hydrocarbon emissions from human activities. The article defines the ways to achieve the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) as a condition for achieving sustainable development. It was found that a sufficient condition, which should ensure the absence of deterioration of sustainable development, is the transition through the point of maximum level of environmental pollution. This point describes emissions of pollution, taking into account the effect of accumulation of environmental pollution, which begins to manifest itself after exceeding the assimilation capabilities of nature. At the same time, during economic recovery, the impact of losses from carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is not as noticeable as duri...