The current state of the national economy determines the importance of increasing its efficiency and competitiveness. Entrepreneurial activity is one of the most active forms of activity in the economic sphere. The development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine is one of the main issues of today. The degree of significance of the role of entrepreneurial activity in the development of the national economy and in solving problems aimed at the formation of an efficient and competitive economy under risk and uncertainty has been studied. The types and functions of entrepreneurship are analysed. It is noted that they are the main elements in solving the main problems hindering the development of an effective national economy. Since February 24, 2022, due to the full-scale military aggression of russia, the domestic economy has been subjected to another negative impact, in addition to those that have been in effect over the past decade. The armed conflict in the east of Ukraine in 2014, the covid-19 pandemic in 2019 and the next wave associated with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus in 2021 have already led to a violation of the economic and political stability of our state. Currently, due to the destruction of industrial and civil infrastructure, we are witnessing the processes of forced displacement of people and, as a result, the loss of labour, a decrease in the share of taxes paid and an increase in the cost of maintaining the life of the country. National entrepreneurship in the conditions of the war unleashed by Russia is characterized by a quick ability to adapt to unpredictable conditions, a high level of organizational and technical mobility, and a high level of riskiness of entrepreneurs. All this makes it possible to introduce innovations at a rapid pace, to quickly and efficiently complete the program of relocation of enterprises and resume their efficient operation. It was entrepreneurship that did not allow the national economy to be in a crisis situation. The authors note that a key role in this process was played by the ability of Ukrainian entrepreneurs to make atypical decisions, which allowed them to change their profile, in particular, change the direction of their activities in the conditions of war. According to the State Statistics Service and the European Business Association, the dynamics of growth in the number of individual entrepreneurs in 2022 was analysed. Nowadays, the experience of developed countries can become an impetus for the formation of a new Ukrainian economy, the creation of an economically comfortable and stable competitive environment and the identification of the main success factors for the activities of business entities, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises, which are key in the economic development of the country.

The article discusses the formation of an effective motivational mechanism in the enterprise. The questions of the motivational mechanism are devoted to the scientific works of many domestic and foreign scientists and economists. In countries with developed market economies, labor management is widely used using the motivational aspect. At the present stage, a necessary condition for improving the production results of domestic enterprises is the formation of an effective motivational mechanism. Analysis of the existing motivation system in the enterprise is the basis for the development of practical recommendations for improving the motivational mechanism. The relevance of this issue contributed to the choice of research topic, formed the goal, objectives and its structure. An effective motivational mechanism should be based on the current system of material and non-material incentives comply with the development strategy of the enterprise, ensure a balance of interests of workers and the enterprise, and direct efforts to achieve certain goals. Such a motivational mechanism can be considered effective, which takes into account the specifics of the enterprise, suggests those methods of motivation that are currently most appropriate for him. The following can contribute to the improvement of the motivational mechanism at the enterprise: conducting internal diagnostics of personnel activity efficiency; systemic motivational monitoring; involvement of personnel management specialists. The article analyzes the existing system of personnel motivation in the enterprise. Based on the study, it was revealed that the incentive system existing at the enterprise requires improvement. One of the tools to motivate an employee is salary. Workers evaluate their level of wages with that which they could receive while working in another enterprise, or with the average in the industry. The analysis showed that in terms of competitiveness, the wage system at the enterprise during the study period can be considered ineffective with the dynamics of deterioration. On the basis of the personnel monitoring conducted, practical recommendations for improving the motivational mechanism at the enterprise are proposed and the effectiveness of the proposed measures is evaluated.

The article examines the current state of development of small business in Ukraine, identifies the main problems that hinder it. The development of small business is a necessary condition for unlocking the economic and innovative potential of the country. Small enterprises are able to resist monopolistic structures, keep a balance between the interests of market participants, create all market segments and make them a variety of products and services. The authors emphasize the need to support the functioning and development of small businesses. The presence of a large number of small enterprises in the country’s economy gives the economic system flexibility, maneuverability, adaptability to a rapidly changing environment and market conditions. The economic space of Ukraine has a powerful potential and has ample opportunities for the development of small businesses and entrepreneurship in general. In Ukraine, freedom of entrepreneurship means a real opportunity for citizens to engage in legal activities. This is enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine, which guarantees everyone the right to engage in entrepreneurial activities that are not prohibited by law. Modern Ukrainian scientists have studied the general characteristics of the functioning of small businesses in Ukraine in modern conditions. The dynamics of the number, composition and structure of small businesses in Ukraine for 2012–2021 is analyzed. Analysis by type of economic activity showed that such areas of activity as trade and services are in priority. The authors note that in their activities small businesses experience problems associated with the financial component. In 2020, in addition to the existing ones, problems were added that caused quarantine restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Government of Ukraine provided support to the business sector. Credit holidays were introduced, tax preferences were provided, and targeted and informational support was provided for small and medium-sized businesses. Small business in Ukraine is forced to overcome a number of macroeconomic obstacles, the main reasons for which are the unstable economic situation in the country. Creating favorable conditions for the development of small business is one of the main ways for the state to get out of the economic crisis in war conditions.

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