The conditions of acoustic wave formation under urban development within traffic roundabouts are considered on the example of Izhevsk. The article refers to 5 single-level road interchanges, and provides the results of multiple acoustic measurements of the equivalent sound pressure level. The observations covered a different time range, typical for the daytime period. The average values vary from 66 to 68 dBA, and the maximum values range from 67 to 69 dBA. Based on the simulation results, acoustic discomfort zones were determined for each interchange. The variation was from 50 to 75 meters at averaged values of flows intensity (up to 1500 u / h) and from 60 to 110 meters at high intensity (up to 2000 u / h). The conclusion is made about the favorability of roundabouts from the position of noise comfort in comparison with traditional intersections equipped with traffic lights. The effectiveness of such measures is 2-3 dB.
The article presents abrief description of the main industrial zones of Izhevsk as sources of air pollution. The potential aerotechnogenic hazard of industrial sites, their contribution to the formation and spatial differentiation of the complex atmospheric air pollution index, based on the volume and structure of pollutant emissions, are estimated. Air sampling at flare observation posts allowedto conclude that the maximum concentrations of pollutants are observed at adistance of 23km from the borders of industrial zones in the direction of the prevailing south and south-west winds. Aterritorial analysis of the general incidence rate of the child population in the service territories of 12childrenʼs city clinics and 170pediatric sites confirms these findings. The most disadvantaged situation is typical for microdistricts located in the north and northeast relative to the Central industrial zone. Despite asignificant reduction in emissions by enterprises of this industrial site, it should be noted its significant contribution to the formation of atense medical and environmental situation in most residential areas of the city. The increase of emissions in recent years, the largest northeastern industrial zone in Izhevsk, even taking into account its most favorable ecological and geographical position, has led to asignificant increase in the general incidence and prevalence of respiratory diseases of the children in the adjacent territory. In the formation of inhaled non-carcinogenic risk to public health, the contribution of formaldehyde is more than 90%.
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