The goal of the research was the theoretical justification and practical implementation of the device for improving the separation of potato impurities with the help of a transverse rotary agitator of a potato digger. The proposed technical solution is simple to construct, and when used, the technological process of soil separation is improved, not only on light soils, but also on heavy waterlogged soils.
The methodology for assessing the energy efficiency of operating actions during the separation of organic contaminants of wax has been developed. Promising methods of separation of media with complex types of bonds are proposed. The dependences characterizing the energy efficiency of separating methods for the wax raw materials have been determined. Mathematical models are obtained in the form of quadratic polynomials characterizing the influence of design parameters on energy characteristics. The influence of the design parameters of the device and the technological properties of the exposed materials in the form of wax raw materials on the values of active and reactive power has been proved. It has been established that the most rational measure for increasing the energy characteristics of devices for separating wax raw materials is to optimize their design and technological parameters.
The paper presents a method to substantiate the technical and technological parameters of the device to sort corn cobs, which takes into account the biometric and physical-mechanical properties of the treated plant objects. The method of basic parameters substantiation involves determining the overall dimensions of the device, the geometric and technological parameters of the working bodies, as well as the energy for operation.
В данной статье представлены результаты исследования оптических характеристик перговых сотов с применением ИКспектроскопии. Данные исследования необходимо учитывать при использовании инфракрасной сушки, отличительной особенностью которой является то, что интенсивность нагрева зависит только от оптических характеристик продукта. В статье рассмотрена конструкция и принцип работы ИКФурье спектрометра, основной частью которого является интерферометр Майкельсона. Исследование оптических характеристик перговых сотов во всех диапазонах инфракрасного излучения производили в ИКФурье спектрометре PerkinElmer Frontier. Для проведения исследования из заранее осушенных от меда сотов формировали по два образца размером 5050 м, заполненных пергой, после чего один из образцов подвергали конвективной сушке на протяжении 50 часов. Методика проведения исследования и общий вид установки во время проведения исследования оптических характеристик перговых сотов описаны в статье. По результатам исследования были построены спектральные характеристики перговых сотов. Полученные результаты эксперимента показывают, что перговые соты являются хорошим поглотителем ИК энергии. Из полученных данных видно, что с увеличением длин волн значение коэффициента отражения увеличивается. Степень черноты перговых сотов практически не зависит от влажности и происхождения, а ее среднее значение составляет 0,8850,886. В свою очередь, значение нормального коэффициента отражения незначительно уменьшается с 0,0581 до 0,0575. Анализ спектральных характеристик перговых сотов показывается явно выраженные минимумы отражения ИКизлучения, которые могут быть использованы для выбора оптимальной температуры нагревателей в процессе сушки.This article presents the results of the study of the optical characteristics of honeycombs using infrared spectroscopy. These researches should be considered when using infrared drying, a distinctive feature of which is that the heating intensity depends only on the optical characteristics of the product. The article describes the design and principle of operation of the FTIR spectrometer. The research of the optical characteristics of honeycombs in all ranges of infrared radiation was carried out in a PerkinElmer Frontier FTIR spectrometer, the main part of which is the Michelson interferometer.. For the research, combs of 50 50 mm size filled with bee bread were formed from honeycombs that had been drained from honey beforehand, after which one of the samples was subjected to convective drying for 50 hours. The technique of the research and the general view of the installation during the research of the optical characteristics of the honeycombs are described in the article. According to the results of the study, spectral characteristics of honeycombs were constructed. The results of the research show that the honeycombs are a good absorber of IR energy. From the data obtained it can be seen that with increasing wavelengths the value of the reflection coefficient increases. Emissivity of honeycombs is almost independent of humidity and origin, and its average value is 0.8850.886. In turn, the value of the normal reflection coefficient decreases slightly from 0.0581 to 0.0575. The analysis of the spectral characteristics of the honeycombs shows pronounced minima of the reflection of infrared radiation, which can be used to select the optimum temperature of the heaters during the drying process.
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